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The dragomans of the Britain and the dragoman reform of 1758
(Turkish Historical Society, 2016)
The commerce is one of the oldest and most important topics of the international relations. When the merchants of the European nations wanted to trade in the Ottoman Empire, either their state had to have ahd-name ...
According to the Ottoman documents: British Consulate of Cyprus (1700-1800)
(Turkish Historical Society, 2017)
The commercial activities of the European nations were organised by the capitulation system. Having gained the ahd-name or capitulations from the Ottomans, the European nations set up their embassy in Istanbul and their ...