Evaluation of the frequency of human papillomavirus (HPV) in women admitted to cancer early diagnosis and screening training centers (KETEM) and analysis of HPV genotypes

Abstract

Objective: CCervical cancer is one of the most common gynecologic cancers among women in Turkey. Human papillomavirus genotypes (HPV) are strongly associated with cervical malignancies, and the distribution of HPV genotypes varies regionally. Data on prevalence are limited due to the lack of population based epidemiological studies on HPV distribution. The purpose of the study was to assess HPV positivity rates, detect high- risk HPV types in Corum and obtain HPV mapping of Turkey. Methods: A total of 33.649 patients who applied to Cancer Early Diagnosis, Screening and Training Centers (KETEM) between August 2014 and January 2018 were included in this study. Prior to the study, permission was obtained from the ethics committee of the university. Cervical swab samples were collected for HPV-DNA examination and polymeraze chain reaction (PCR) method used to detect HPV DNA. Genotyping was performed in HPV DNA positive samples. In addition, cytologic examination results were also recorded in patients with HPV positives. Results: HPV DNA positivity was found in 3.29% of the patients. HPV DNA was positive in 1108 cases, The highest risk subtypes for cervical cancer, Type 16 and 18, were 14.69% and 1.17%, respectively. When cytological results of HPV DNA positive women were examined; 66.52% of the patients had no precancerous lesion and infection-related cytology results were observed in 41.34% of these patients. The most frequent cytologic abnormal result was LGSIL with 8.21%. Conclusion: HPV typing studies are increasingly important in cervical cancer screening. Considering the regional differences and the heterogeneity of the studies, the results of the Ministry of Health's screening program in 2019 will guide the assessment of the prevalence. By mapping HPV genotypes and evaluating advanced data across all country, appropriate vaccination and prevention policies can be developed. © 2019, Refik Saydam National Public Health Agency (RSNPHA).