Electrochemical Determination and In Silico Studies of Fludarabine on NH2 Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

Abstract

A sensitive voltammetric technique has been developed for the determination of Fludarabine using amine-functionalized multi walled carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon electrode (NH2-MWCNTs/GCE). Molecular dynamics simulations, an in silico technique, were employed to examine the properties including chemical differences of Fludarabine- functionalized MWCNT complexes. The redox behavior of Fludarabine was examined by cyclic, differential pulse and square wave voltammetry in a wide pH range. Cyclic voltammetric investigations emphasized that Fludarabine is irreversibly oxidized at the NH2-MWCNTs/GCE. The electrochemical behavior of Fludarabine was also studied by cyclic voltammetry to evaluate both the kinetic (k(s) and E-a) and thermodynamic (Delta H, Delta G and Delta S) parameters on NH2-MWCNTs/GCE at several temperatures. The mixed diffusion-adsorption controlled electrochemical oxidation of Fludarabine revealed by studies at different scan rates. The experimental parameters, such as pulse amplitude, frequency, deposition potential optimized for square-wave voltammetry. Under optimum conditions in phosphate buffer (pH 2.0), a linear calibration curve was obtained in the range of 2x10(-7) M-4x10(-6) M solution using adsorptive stripping square wave voltammetry. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were calculated 2.9x10(-8) M and 9.68x10(-8) M, respectively. The developed method was applied to the simple and rapid determination of Fludarabine from pharmaceutical formulations.