Evolution of Telepsychiatry: Scientometric Analysis of Telepsychiatry Publications Between 1986 and 2019

Abstract

Background: Although telepsychiatry has a long history, medical literature lacks a scientometric study evaluating telepsychiatry publications. The purpose of this study was to perform a holistic analysis of telepsychiatry articles published between 1986 and 2019. Methods: We used the telepsychiatry keyword for our search and included all documents indexed in Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics, USA) Core Collection between 1986 and 2019, revealing a total of 1,020 articles, of which only 224 were open access. Results: The peak year for publication was 2015, with 96 articles. The United States ranked first with 601 documents followed by Australia and Canada. The University of California and University of Washington were the most productive institutions and, again, 8 of the 10 leading institutions were from the United States. The peak year for citations was 2019, with a total of 2,080 records. Discussion: We believe that systematic approaches are needed to reveal the positive and negative features of telepsychiatry practice, especially from countries where this method is widely utilized, to elucidate the need for telepsychiatry in other countries/regions and to determine how its use can be increased in regions with limited access to health care workers. Conclusion: Although scientific interest in telepsychiatry appears to have increased almost every year since 1986, it has been observed that this interest is still concentrated in certain countries, such as the United States, Australia, and Canada, indicating that telepsychiatry may not have gained use in other countries.