Assessment of endothelial dysfunction with adhesion molecules in patients with celiac disease

Abstract

Objectives: Celiac disease (CD) is a systemic immune disorder. We assessed serum levels of adhesion molecules as a marker of endothelial dysfunction in patients with CD at first diagnosis and in those on a glutenfree diet. Methods: Sixty-five patients with CD (mean age 6.74±4.6 years) and 51 age- and sex-matched control patients participated in the present casecontrolled, prospective clinical study. Serum levels of vascular adhesion molecule-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, endothelial selectin, vascular endothelial cadherin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and homocysteine levels were measured. Results: Average soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 (CD vs control group: 1320±308 vs 1120±406 ng/mL, P=0.006), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (336±99 vs 263±67 ng/mL, P=0.025), and soluble endothelial selectin (113.9±70 vs 76.9±32 ng/mL, P=0.007) levels were significantly higher in cases of newly diagnosed CD than in the control group. Soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 (1050±190 ng/mL) and soluble endothelial selectin (68.7±45 ng/mL) levels in patients with CD, who were fully compliant with a gluten-free diet, were significantly lower than that in those newly diagnosed as having CD (P=0.003 and P=0.0012, respectively). Conclusions: These results show that serum adhesion molecule levels are higher in patients with CD. Some of the risks associated with endothelial dysfunction may be related to CD and these risks can be reduced with an appropriate and fully controlled diet. Copyright © 2016 by European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition.