Yazar "Abdallah, Basma Mohammed Elsayed" seçeneğine göre listele

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    Gelişen süreçte Mısır ve Türkiye'de kültürel mirasın korunmasına dair yasal düzenlemeler ve karşılaştırılması
    (Hitit Üniversitesi, 2025) Abdallah, Basma Mohammed Elsayed; İpek, Önder
    This thesis examines the preservation of cultural heritage in Egypt and Turkey, focusing on the evolution of the concept and role of museums which have played a significant role within this understanding of preservation over time. Ancient temples in Egypt are considered the earliest centers where artworks and reliefs documenting the history of Egyptian civilization were exhibited. The study then explores the evolution of modern museums in Egypt, tracing a trajectory from the El Ezbakiya and Bulaq museums to contemporary institutions such as the Grand Egyptian Museum and the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization. The thesis also highlights the contributions of Mehmet Ali Pasha and Rifa'a al-Tahtawi, who played significant roles in the dissemination of the museum concept and the establishment of the first official museums aimed at protecting cultural heritage in Egypt. Additionally, it discusses the role of Auguste Mariette Pasha in the founding of the Bulaq Museum. From the Turkish perspective, the thesis focuses on the development of museology through institutions such as the Hagia Irene Museum and the Imperial Museum (Müze-i Hümayun), emphasizing the contributions of prominent figures such as Osman Hamdi Bey, who played a pivotal role in the foundation of the Ottoman Museum and the advancement of Turkish museology. It also addresses the new initiatives undertaken in the field of cultural heritage following the establishment of the Republic of Turkey, including the preservation of cultural assets, the conduct of national archaeological excavations, and the subsequent significant developments in the field of museology.The thesis further analyzes the legal frameworks established to protect cultural heritage in both Egypt and Turkey. In Egypt, the legal trajectory is traced from Ottoman firmans in the 19th century to the first Egyptian Antiquities Protection Law issued in 1912 and Law No. 215 of 1952. In the Turkish context, the Regulation of Antiquities (Asar-ı Atika Nizamnamesi) of 1869 considered the foundation of what is known today as the Law for the Protection of Cultural Assets is examined alongside subsequent laws issued in 1874, 1884, and 1906, culminating in Law No. 1710 of 1973. These legislations are assessed in terms of their role in the protection of cultural properties in Turkey. In conclusion, the thesis presents a comparative analysis of the development of museums in Egypt and Turkey, emphasizing the influence of colonialism and political motivations in the establishment of museums in both countries. It also discusses the impact of colonial influences and the fusion of Western and local cultures on the shaping of museum concepts. Finally, a comparison is made between existing laws for the protection of cultural heritage such as Law No. 117 of 1983 in Egypt and Law No. 2863 in Turkey highlighting the similarities and differences between the legislative frameworks of the two nations.