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    Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on CLABSI Rates and Antibiotic Resistance: A Multicenter Study in Türkiye
    (DOC DESIGN INFORMATICS CO LTD, 2025) Sargın-Altınok, E; Keske, S; Batırel, A; Bilgin, H; Gülten, E; Menekşe, S; Gölbol, A; Konya, P; Altunal, LN; Özer, D; Asan, A; Deniz-Yüksel, A; Akdoğan, Ö; Yanık-Yalçın, T; Akgül, F; Aliravcı, İD; Karagöz, T; Şahin, A; Erdem, İ; Gürbüz, E; Yekta-Ürkmez, F; Karakoç, ZÇ; Kaçmaz, B; Eren-Korkmaz, Ö; Karslıoğlu, M; Arslan, M; Toygar-Deniz, M; Aydın, M; Demirtürk, N; Azap, A; Ergönül, Ö
    Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted infection control practices in healthcare settings. Previous studies have reported increased rates of central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI), particularly during the early stages and peak periods of the pandemic. This multicenter study aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on CLABSI rates in T & uuml;rkiye over a four-year period from 2019 to 2022. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected CLABSI data from hospitals across various regions of T & uuml;rkiye between 2019 and 2022. The study period was divided into three phases: pre-pandemic, early pandemic, and late pandemic. Demographic and clinical characteristics, mortality rates, and microbiological data were analyzed. Pathogen distribution and antibiotic resistance patterns were compared between the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. Results: A total of 25 hospitals participated in the study. The CLABSI rates per 1000 catheter days were 4.26 in 2019, 4.13 in 2020, 3.68 in 2021, and 3.53 in 2022. Across all periods, 3238 pathogens were identified. Gram-negative bacteria predominated both before and during the pandemic, with Acinetobacter baumannii (18.6%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.8%) being the most common. Notably, an increase in carbapenem and colistin resistance in K. pneumonia was observed during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period. Conclusions: In T & uuml;rkiye, the predominant causative agents of CLABSI did not change during the pandemic, with Klebsiella spp. and A. baumannii being most frequently isolated. However, the rise in CLABSI-associated mortality during the pandemic highlights the broader impact of healthcare system disruptions.
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    Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical site infections: a multi-center study evaluating incidence, pathogen distribution, and antimicrobial resistance patterns
    (BMC, 2025) Keske, S; Altınok, ES; Azak, E; Gülten, E; Gülen, TA; Hatipoğlu, ÇA; Asan, A; Korkmaz, D; Kaçmaz, B; Kızmaz, Y; Batırel, A; Akgül, F; Yapar, D; Karakoç, ZÇ; Özel, AS; Yalçın, TY; Özer, D; Korkmaz, OE; Şahin, A; Karasin, MF; Turunç, T; Aydın, M; Demirtürk, N; Azap, A; Ergönül, Ö
    BackgroundSurgical site infections (SSIs) are among the most significant concerns in healthcare settings, presenting challenges in patient management and healthcare outcomes. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has further complicated the landscape of infectious disease epidemiology, impacting the distribution and resistance characteristics of pathogens responsible for SSIs. Understanding these dynamics is essential for improving infection prevention and treatment strategies.MethodsThis retrospective multi-center study included 17 hospitals in Turkey, analyzing SSI cases from January 2019 to January 2023. The study was divided into three phases: pre-pandemic (January 2019 - March 2020), early pandemic (March 2020 - January 2022), and late pandemic (January 2022 - January 2023). We assessed demographic and clinical characteristics, pathogen distributions, and resistance rates, focusing on multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens.ResultsA total of 2,058 patients with SSIs were included. The SSI rate increased from 0.79% in 2019 to 0.87% in 2020, then decreased to 0.46% in 2021 and 0.50% in 2022. The most prevalent pathogens were E. coli (21.9%) and K. pneumoniae (14.6%). Resistance to meropenem in K. pneumoniae rose from 23% pre-pandemic to 33% post-pandemic, while ceftazidime-avibactam resistance surged from 6 to 43%. P. aeruginosa showed increased quinolone resistance from 18 to 27%, with colistin resistance rising to 13% in the late pandemic phase.ConclusionsThis study highlights the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on SSIs in Turkey, revealing concerning trends in antibiotic resistance among key pathogens. Ongoing surveillance and enhanced infection control measures are essential to address these challenges and improve patient outcomes in the post-pandemic era.