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    A rare cause of childhood hypercalcemia: Parathyroid adenoma
    (Karger, 2021) Kendirci, Havva Nur Peltek; Comba, Atakan; Dogan, Gul; Coskun, Nurcan
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    Comparison of Primary and Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Children
    (Cureus Inc, 2020) Dogan, Gul; Ipek, Hulya
    Aim We aimed to compare the demographic and ultrasound data regarding first-episode urinary tract infections with recurrent infections in children. Methods A total of 509 children aged 0-16 years who were diagnosed to have a urinary tract infection (UTI) as confirmed with positive urinary culture tests were retrospectively investigated. A comparison of baseline parameters, responsible pathogen incidences, and ultrasound findings was made between children who had a single episode of UTI (n=418, 82.1%) with those having second or more recurrent episodes of urinary tract infection (n=91, 17.9%). Results The mean age of children with a single episode of urinary tract infection was significantly lower than those who had recurrent urinary tract infection (5.33 +/- 4.38 vs. 7.01 +/- 4.83 years, p=0.003). Incidences of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis was significantly higher in patients with recurrent urinary tract infection than those who had single episode (n=315, 75.4% vs. n=80, 87.9%, p=0.009 and n=8, 1.9% vs. n=9, 9.9%, p<0.001, respectively). An abnormal ultrasound was significantly more common in patients with recurrent urinary tract infection than those who had a single episode (n=41, 54.6% vs. n=59, 22.7%). Increased renal parenchymal echogenicity (p=0.002), bladder cystitis (p=0.01) and hydronephrosis (p<0.001) were significantly more common in patients with recurrent urinary tract infection than those who had a single episode of urinary tract infection. Conclusion Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis were the most common responsible pathogens in recurrent urinary tract infections. Structural changes, such as hydronephrosis and bladder cystitis, are likely to have an important role in the etiology of children with recurrent urinary tract infection.
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    Experimental Study on the Prophylactic Effects of Zofenopril in an Ischemia-Reperfusion Model with Intestinal Volvulus Injury
    (Sci Printers & Publ Inc, 2020) Ipek, Hulya; Dogan, Gul
    OBJECTIVE: To provide information about the effects of zofenopril on volvulus using an ischemia-reperfusion model with histochemical and biochemical methods. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental animals were divided into 5 groups, under anesthesia. (1) The sham group (n=7) received only laparotomy, and a 5 cm segment of small intestine was removed approximately 2 cm from the proximal part of the cecum. (2) The second group (n=7) received laparotomy, and the intestine segment was removed for examination. (3) The third group (n= 7) underwent 2 hours of ischemia followed by 2 hours of reperfusion (2 hours of superior mesenteric artery occlusion followed by 2 hours of reperfusion). (4) The fourth group (n = 7) received orally 15 mg/kg zofenopril (before laparotomy) after 2 hours of ischemia. Then reperfusion was performed for 2 hours. (5) The fifth group (n=7) received orally 15 mg/kg zofenopril without ischemia. Intestinal tissues were taken, fixed, and embedded in paraffin blocks for histopathological examinations. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Total antioxidant status, total oxidative status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were measured in jejunum tissue. Also, jejunum tissue histopathology was evaluated under a light microscope. RESULTS: Serum TOS levels were significantly different between all groups (p =0.759). OSI levels were significantly different between all groups (p =0.180). Histopathologically, ischemia reperfusion caused microscopic intestinal damage such as mucosal destruction, villus loss, and epithelial cell apoptosis, congestion, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Oral administration of zofenopril following ischemia resulted in a marked inhibition of apoptosis induction in the stroma and villi epithelium. CONCLUSION: Zofenopril improved the intestinal mucosal damage by relieving oxidative stress and apoptosis after intestinal ischemia-reperfiision.
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    The Development of Necrotizing Enterocolitis Publications: A Holistic Evolution of Global Literature with Bibliometric Analysis
    (Georg Thieme Verlag Kg, 2020) Dogan, Gul; Ipek, Hulya
    Introduction Despite the fact that necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the reasons for morbidity and mortality in the newborn intensive care units, the literature indicates no bibliometric studies that made a holistic evaluation of the publications on this issue. This study aims to make a holistic evaluation of NEC publications to reveal the latest developments and trend topics. Materials and Methods Bibliometric analyses were performed by retrieving all the publications in Web of Science (WoS: Web of Science Core Collection database maintained by Clarivate Analytics) database between 1980 and 2018 using the necrotizing enterocolitis keyword. The correlations between economic productivity, humanity index, and performances of the countries on the topic of NEC were investigated with Spearman's correlation coefficient. Results A review of the related literature indicated 2,968 publications on NEC between 1980 and 2018. Of these publications, 1,690 (56.9%) were indexed in the article document category in WoS. There was an important increasing trend in the number of publications after 2006. Results of the present study showed that the Journal of Pediatric Surgery and Journal of Pediatrics were the top effective journal that contributed to the literature in terms of publication productivity. The top productive country that produced most publications about NEC was the United States (863, 51.1%). Conclusion Research on NEC is conducted in a limited number of countries. There seem to be more research opportunities in the developed countries because survival rates of premature babies having a disease like NEC are lower in the undeveloped countries, and survival rates are higher in developed countries due to appropriate intensive care conditions. Therefore, undeveloped countries should be supported in terms of NEC and provided with funds.
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    The evolution of hypospadias publications: A bibliometric approach
    (Elsevier Espana Slu, 2021) Dogan, Gul; Ipek, Hulya
    Background/objective: Although the increasing prevalence of hypospadias has been reported in many countries, there is a lack of bibliometric studies that make a holistic assessment of the publications about this issue. This study aims to make a holistic evaluation, latest developments, and trend topics about hypospadias publications between 1980 and 2018 through bibliometric analysis. Methods: All the publications about hypospadias published in the Web of Science index between 1980 and 2018 were downloaded and analyzed using bibliometric methods. The Spearman's correlation coefficient was utilized to analyze the correlations between economic productivity and performance of the countries on hypospadias. Linear regression analysis was performed to estimate the number of publications for the following years. Results: Bibliometric analyses were performed with 1940 articles. With 527 (27.2%) publications, the USA was the country that made the most contribution to the literature. The top active 3 journals were the Journal of Urology, Journal of Pediatric Urology, and Urology. A high correlation was detected between hypospadias publication productivity and GDP (r = 0.791, p < 0.001). The regression analysis results showed that the expected number of articles to be produced was 95 (75-116) for 2019 and 106 (47-164) for 2024. Conclusions: This study provides a holistic evaluation of the articles about hypospadias, which is an anomaly that should be repaired and treated with surgery due to its potential problems for the children at kindergarten and school age. Increasing the collaboration between especially developing countries and research in different countries with samples from different communities through multidisciplinary studies are recommended. (C) 2020 Asociacion Espanola de Andrologia, Medicina Sexual y Reproductiva. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved.
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    The protective effect of Ganoderma lucidum on testicular torsion/detorsion-induced ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury
    (Acta Cirurgica Brasileira, 2020) Dogan, Gul; Ipek, Hulya
    Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of Ganoderma lucidum on testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D)-induced ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods: Thirty male Wistar albino rats were randomly categorized into 3 groups: Group 1: sham, Group 2 ( T/D): 2,5 hours of ischemia and 7 days of reperfusion, Group 3 (T/D+G. lucidum): 2,5 hours of ischemia and 7 days of reperfusion and 7 days of 20 mg/kg via gastric gavage G. lucidum polysaccharides per day. Biochemical assays of Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione (GSH) levels, histopathology and expression levels of VEGF and Bcl-2 with immunohistochemical methods were examined in testicular tissue. Results: G. lucidum treatment was found to have prevented the T/D-induced I/R injury by decreasing MDA levels of the testis. SOD, CAT and GSH activities were decreased in group 2, while they were increased in group 3 (p<0.001) and significant improvement in the tube diameter was observed in group 3. Bcl-2-positive germinal cells were lowered in group 3 compared to the group 2. VEGF expression showed an increase in group 2, whereas it decreased in group 3. Conclusion: The antioxidant G. lucidum is thought to induce angiogenesis by reducing the apoptotic effect in testicular torsion-detorsion.