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    Gadolinium borate and iron oxide bioconjugates: Nanocomposites of next generation with multifunctional applications
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2018) İçten, Okan; Köse, Dursun Ali; Matissek, Stephan J.; Misurelli, Jason A.; Elsawa, Sherine F.; Hosmane, Narayan Sadashiv; Zümreoğlu Karan, Birgül
    The systematic investigations concerning the bioconjugation of GdBO3-Fe3O4 nanocomposite and their in vitro biocompatibility with cancer cell lines are reported. The nanocomposites were prepared hydrothermally from magnetite (Fe3O4), borax or boric acid and a Gd3+ salt. Bioconjugation processes were performed with citric acid and fluorescein isothiocyanate-doped silica, followed by the treatment with folic acid. Overall, the procedure involved “bare or PEGylated Fe3O4 as the magnetic core” and “vaterite- or triclinic-type of GdBO3 as the surface borate layer” for comparative evaluation of the results. The successful vectorization of the nanocomposite particles was demonstrated by quantitative and qualitative analytical data. All bioconjugates displayed soft ferromagnetic properties and negative zeta potential values that are appropriate for biological applications. The 10B and 157Gd contents were ca. 1014 atom/?g making them promising agents for BNCT, GdNCT and the combined GdBNCT. The Gd/Fe molar ratios (0.27–0.63) provided the capability for T1- or dual (T1 + T2) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In vitro studies were conducted to investigate the efficiency of targeted FA-conjugated versus non-FA conjugated nanoformulations on Mia-Pa-Ca-2, HeLa and A549 cells. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry data unveiled the essential role of the zeta potential competing with folate targeting in the uptake mechanism. The bioconjugated nanoplatforms of GdBO3-Fe3O4 composite, introduced herein, proved to have potential features of next generation agents for magnetically targeted therapy, fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging/diagnosis and Neutron Capture Therapy. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
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    Magnetic nanocomposites of boron and Vitamin C
    (Royal Society of Chemistry, 2017) İçten, Okan; Hosmane, Narayan Sadashiv; Köse, Dursun Ali; Zümreoğlu Karan, Birgül
    Magnetic nanocomposites comprising elemental boron and vitamin C in the form of mono or bis(ascorbatoborate) complexes have been synthesized for targeted delivery/therapy applications. These nanocomposites were characterized by chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and magnetic measurements. Structural motifs were proposed to justify the arrangement of the complexes around the magnetic core. The nanocomposite particles showed a quasi-spherical morphology with an average size of around 10-15 nm and exhibited a superparamagnetic behavior at 300 K to qualify for potential targeted biomedical applications. The data of chemical analysis suggested that the nanocomposites contain ca. 1015 boron atoms per microgram of sample. © The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 2017.
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    Production of Magnetic Nano-bioconjugates via Ball Milling of Commercial Boron Powder with Biomolecules
    (Wiley-VCH Verlag, 2016) İçten, Okan; Hosmane, Narayan Sadashiv; Köse, Dursun Ali; Zümreoğlu Karan, Birgül
    Mechanochemical preparation and characterization of surface-functionalized magnetic boron nanoparticles for biomedical applications are presented. Alloying with the stainless steel ball milling material during mechanochemical activation proved to be an alternative route to introduce magnetic properties to the nanomaterials, while functionalization with biomolecules provided biocompatible surfaces for bioconjugation. Copyright © 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim