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    Öğe
    Elektrikli araç şarj istasyonlarının elektrik şebekesine etkileri
    (Hitit Üniversitesi, 2025) Kavak, Bayram; Işık, Fatih Mehmet
    The rapid increase in the use of electric vehicles (EVs) in recent years stands out as a significant indicator of the transition to sustainable transportation systems. This transformation profoundly impacts and forces transformation not only the transportation sector but also all components of energy infrastructures, such as electric power generation, transmission, and distribution. This thesis examines in detail the use of fossil fuels and the importance of renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power plants, starting from the generation phase of electric power. Furthermore, the overall structure of the system is comprehensively analyzed, focusing on transmission lines, switchgear centers, and distribution systems, particularly the different transformer types used in the distribution phase. In the context of electric vehicle technologies, hybrid and fully electric vehicles are comparatively evaluated. The four main components that make up the vehicle's internal structure—the power unit, electric motor, in-vehicle safety systems, and battery—are detailed and examined in light of technological advancements. Furthermore, the technical structures and operating characteristics of AC and DC charging stations related to the charging infrastructure are discussed in detail, and the operating principles of power modules in DC charging stations are explained based on scientific foundations. In this context, the impacts of electric vehicle charging stations on the grid load profile, fluctuations in energy demand, and power quality issues (voltage sag, harmonics, flickers, etc.) were meticulously analyzed using field measurements. Specifically, the impacts on the load profile were revealed through precise measurements made using an electricity meter and a Power Quality Analyzer (GKC). Critical parameters such as voltage effective value, voltage sag, voltage unbalance, long-term flicker, and total harmonic distortion were examined in detail. In this context, optimizing the integration process of electric vehicle charging stations into the grid, considering critical criteria such as energy efficiency and grid stability, is of utmost importance. The findings obtained within the thesis aim to offer strategic and innovative solutions for the integration of electric vehicles into energy grids for the sustainability of energy systems.