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Öğe Can Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis be Associated with Visual Impairment?(ERCIYES UNIV SCH MEDICINE, 2023) Batın, Sabri; Uçar, İlyas; Payas, Ahmet; Bal, EmreObjective: It is believed that postural balance problems may contribute to the development of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Vision provides proprioceptive input by supplying information about body positions. Considering the fundamental role of vision in postural control, this study aims to investigate the relationship between AIS and the volume of the eye-moving muscles and the visual field. Materials and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study included a total of 47 female individuals, with 24 having AIS and 23 being healthy participants. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to calculate the volumes of the medial rectus (MR) and lateral rectus (LR) muscles in both groups. Additionally, the visual field test was conducted to determine the pattern standard deviation (PSD) and mean deviation (MD) values for the left and right eyes of individuals in both groups. Results: The mean age of AIS patients with a major curvature of 48.50 degrees and a Lenke Type-1 curve was similar to that of asymptomatic individuals. The volume values of the MR muscle on both sides were lower in the AIS group compared to the control group (p0.05). Conclusion: It is important to consider the presence of visual sensory defects in individuals with AIS. It is unknown whether AIS causes visual impairment or vice versa. Therefore, further comprehensive studies are needed.Öğe Antioxidant role of melatonin against nicotine’s teratogenic effects on embryonic bone development(Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 2018) Yılmaz, Halil; Ertekin, Tolga; Atay, Emre; Nisari, Mehtap; Susar Güler, Hatice; Al, Özge; Payas, Ahmet; Yılmaz, SeherObjective(s): This study investigated the possible effects of low (3 mg/kg) and high (6 mg/kg) doses of nicotine on the skeletal development of rat fetuses by the double staining method and the protective role of melatonin (10 mg/kg) against these effects. Materials and Methods: Eighteen adult female Wistar-Albino rats were divided into six groups (n=3, each) as control, low-dose nicotine, high-dose nicotine, low-dose nicotine+melatonin, high-dose nicotine + melatonin and melatonin. While nicotine was given to the experimental groups on gestation days 1–20, nicotine and melatonin were administered together to the treatment groups. The fetuses were delivered by cesarean section on the 20th day of pregnancy. The skeletal systems of the fetuses were stained using the double staining method. The forelimbs and hindlimbs of the fetuses were firstly investigated under a stereomicroscope, and then their photos were taken. The total bone length, the length of the ossified part and the ossification rate were calculated using the ImageJ program. Results: The degree of ossification in the bones of the feet and the hands was determined. When the total bone length and the length of the ossified part were evaluated, they were significantly decreased in the nicotine groups (P<0.05), but were close to each other in the treatment and the control groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: It has been found that the use of nicotine during pregnancy delays skeletal ossification and that melatonin, a powerful antioxidant, eliminates the teratogenic effects of nicotine. © 2018, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
