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Öğe Maximizing performance in child footballers: chronotype and time of day study(FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2025) Kaba, İlknur; Çelikel, Baha Engin; Adanur, Oğuzhan; Yılmaz, Coşkun; Sezer, Süreyya Yonca; Tan, Çetin; Ayyıldız Durhan, Tebessüm ; Özer, Uğur; Ceylan, TülayBackground A limited number of studies have investigated the effects of circadian rhythm-based running exercise interventions on physical fitness in child athletes. This study aimed to investigate the effects of an eight-week morning and evening running program on lower extremity strength, agility and respiratory function in 10-12-year-old male footballers.Methods Participants visited the laboratory three times, with one-day intervals before and after the training program. The assessments included maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and the FEV1/FVC ratio. Additionally, agility and functional performance tests (FPTs) were conducted for both the dominant and non-dominant legs.Results The findings indicated that morning running was more effective than evening running in enhancing respiratory function. Morning running also showed superior results in lower extremity strength tests, particularly in the single-leg (SL) and triple-leg (THD) crossover hop for distance tests (CHDs) and the 6-m timed-hop test (6 m THT). Furthermore, the agility performance of the morning running group was significantly better than that of the evening and control groups.Conclusion Consequently, morning running interventions had a positive impact on key physical fitness parameters, including respiratory muscle strength, respiratory function, agility, and lower extremity strength in child footballers.Öğe Treatment and Follow-up of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-hydroxylase Deficiency in Childhood and Adolescence(GALENOS PUBL HOUSE, 2025) Peltek Kendirci, Havva Nur ; Ünal, Edip; Dündar, İsmail; Buluş, Ayşe Derya; Odabaşı Güneş, Sevinç ; Sıklar, ZeynepCongenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by the deficiency of one of the enzymes involved in cortisol synthesis. More than 95% of the cases occur as a result of defects in the gene encoding 21-hydroxylase (CYP21A2). 21-hydroxylase deficiency has been divided into classical and non-classical forms. In the treatment of classical CAH, it is necessary to replace both glucocorticoid (GC) and mineralocorticoid hormones to prevent salt wasting crisis and reduce excessive corticotropin. In addition to biochemical measurements to evaluate the adequacy of GC and mineralocorticoid treatment; growth rate, body weight, blood pressure and physical examination should be evaluated regularly. There is insufficient data regarding the use of continuous slow-release or modified-release hydrocortisone (HC) preparations and continuous subcutaneous HC infusion, additional/alternative treatment approaches, and cell-based therapies and gene editing technology in children with CAH. GC therapy is recommended in children with inappropriately early onset and rapidly progressing pubarche or accelerated bone age progression, and in adolescents with non-classical CAH (NCCAH) who have overt virilization. In patients with NCCAH, stress doses of HC is recommended for major surgery, trauma, or childbirth but only if the patient has a suboptimal cortisol response to the adrenocorticotropic hormone test. Here, members of the 'Adrenal Working Group' of 'The Turkish Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes' present an evidence-based review with good practice points and recommendations for optimize treatment, and follow-up of children with CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency in the light of the most recent evidence.Öğe Effect of Inspiratory Muscle Training on Diaphragm and Abdominal Wall Muscle Thickness with Fatty Liver Density in Elderly Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial(MDPI, 2025) Gökçelik, Eda; Yılmaz, Coşkun; Budak, Cemalettin; Soylu, Hakan Hüseyin; Bayrakdaroğlu, Serdar; Ceylan, Halil İbrahim; Muntean, Raul Ioan; Küçük, Hamza; Ceylan, LeventBackground and Objectives: Post-menopausal estrogen decline is considered a contributing factor to sarcopenia, and inspiratory muscle training (IMT) may provide benefits in this demographic. This study examined the impact of a four-week IMT program on diaphragm thickness, abdominal wall muscle thickness (AWMT; transversus abdominis, internal oblique, and external oblique), and liver fat percentage in healthy elderly women. Materials and Methods: Twenty-six women aged 60-80 years were randomly assigned to an IMT group (n = 13) or a control group (n = 13). The IMT group used the PowerBreathe (R) Classic device at 40% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), with weekly increments of 10%. Training was performed twice daily, five days per week, with 30 breathing cycles per session (60 per day). The control group maintained their usual routines. AWMT, diaphragm thickness (DT), and fatty liver density (FLD) were measured by a radiologist before and after the intervention. Results: After four weeks, the IMT group showed significant improvements in all parameters compared to controls. Mid-diaphragm thickness (MDT) increased by 11.44% (effect size (ES) = 0.358, p < 0.001) versus 0.76% in controls (p = 0.271). Posterior diaphragm thickness (PDT) improved by 7.48% (ES = 0.282, p < 0.001) versus 0.38% (p = 0.564). Right AWMT increased by 12.7% (ES = 0.492, p < 0.001) compared to 0.10% (p = 0.872), and left AWMT increased by 9.93% (ES = 0.395, p < 0.001) versus 2.64% (p = 0.014). FLD improved by 11.79% (ES = 0.959, p < 0.001) in the IMT group, while the control group showed no meaningful change (-0.13%, p = 0.847). Conclusions: A short-term IMT protocol significantly enhanced diaphragm and AWMT and reduced liver fat in elderly women. These findings support the use of IMT as a simple, non-invasive intervention to preserve musculoskeletal and metabolic health in aging populations.Öğe Kayaca, a new vertebrate locality from the Upper Miocene of Türkiye and its importance for the Turolian biogeography of the eastern peri-Mediterranean region(SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2025) Konidaris, George E. ; Aytek, Ahmet İhsan; Kostopoulos, Dimitris S.; Yavuz, Alper Yener; Tarhan, Erhan; Alçiçek, Mehmet Cihat; Uyar, Nail; Harvati, KaterinaWe present here a new Upper Miocene vertebrate locality, Kayaca, from the Beya & gbreve;a & ccedil; Basin in southwestern T & uuml;rkiye that was discovered after surface survey and was subsequently systematically excavated. The locality yielded a diverse and rich vertebrate fauna notably including several complete cranial specimens. In this article we provide the first results on the taxonomy of the large mammal assemblage, and we discuss the biochronological implications. The Kayaca large mammal assemblage is dominated by hipparionine horses (Hipparion dietrichi morphotype, Cremohipparion sp.) and bovids (Gazella cf. ancyrensis, Sporadotragus parvidens, Tragoportax sp., Palaeoryx pallasi and the rare Gangraia), but includes also rhinocerotids (Miodiceros neumayri, Diceros sp.), suids (Hippopotamodon major), giraffids (Palaeotragus rouenii, Samotherium major), hystricids (Hystrix sp.), orycteropodids (Amphiorycteropus gaudryi), proboscideans (Deinotherium sp., Elephantimorpha indet.) and carnivorans. The latter are identified by some well-preserved specimens belonging to ictitheres (Protictitherium sp.), hyaenids (Adcrocuta eximia), felids (Pontosmilus sp. and a medium-sized felid) but also to the rare mustelid Parataxidea maraghana. The preliminary comparison with already known and well-studied faunal assemblages of T & uuml;rkiye and the wider region, particularly the neighboring localities of Samos in Greece, suggest an age of ca. 7.4, close to the transition of early/middle Turolian (MN 11/12). Located at the western corner of Asia, Kayaca comprises a key location linking the vertebrate faunas of Asia and Europe and offers valuable insights into the Late Miocene terrestrial ecosystems of the eastern peri-Mediterranean region.Öğe Assessing Dexmedetomidin's Efficacy in Traumatic Brain Injury Treatment Using a Rat Experimental Model(TURKISH NEUROSURGICAL SOC, 2025) Öztürk, Yaşar; Bozkurt, İsmail; Mammadkhanli, Orkhan; Güvenç, Yahya; Şentürk, Salim; Güney, Güven; Ramírez, Manuel De Jesus Encarnación; Gülbahar, ÖzlemAIM: To elucidate the effects of nasal and intraperitoneal dexmedetomidine (DexN and DexP, respectively) administration in an animal model, and to explore the underlying action mechanisms on the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI). MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 31 Wistar albino rats served as a weight-drop model to induce experimental TBI. The two treatment groups received DexN and DexP on the day of the trauma and then after 5 days. The Garcia test was performed for the neurological evaluation along with histopathological and biochemical analyses. RESULTS: The rats in the treatment group displayed better neurological outcomes, as evidenced by a higher Garcia test score (p<0.001). DexP group presented with increased anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in comparison to DexN (p<0.001). DexN group demonstrated a reduction in the neuron specific enolase (NSE) levels (p=0.023), indicating that it inhibited the neuronal destruction. CONCLUSION: The present study support the hypothesis that a psychoactive drug, Dex, which has been conventionally used for sleep disorders and is also known for its cognitive-enhancing properties, may have beneficial effects after TBI owing to its antiinflammatory, anti-oxidative, and neuroprotective properties.Öğe Impact of an 8-week high-intensity bodyweight interval training on body composition and blood lipid metabolism in young women with overweight(FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2025) Yamaner, Emre; Turgut, Tuna; Aksoy, Ayşe; Demirkıran, Burhan; Çamiçi, Furkan; Ceylan, LeventBackground A physically inactive lifestyle is associated with an increased risk of obesity, dyslipidemia and metabolic disorders, especially in women. While high-intensity training methods have been extensively studied in male populations, the physiological and metabolic effects of high-intensity interval resistance training (HIIRT) in overweight women are understudied. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an 8-week HIIRT program on body composition and lipid metabolism in women.Methods A total of 30 women (mean age: 23.13 +/- 4.03 years, mean BMI: 31.21 +/- 2.92 kg/m2) participated in an 8-week HIIRT program. Body composition was measured before and after the intervention using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), while blood lipid parameters (triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL) were analyzed. Paired-sample t-tests were performed to determine the significance of the changes in body composition and lipid metabolism, using Cohen's d effect size for interpretation.Results The HIIRT program led to significant improvements in body composition, with body weight decreasing by 11.4 kg (p = 0.001, d = 0.96) and fat percentage decreasing by 3.1% (p = 0.001, d = 0.92). In addition, blood lipid profiles improved significantly, with triglycerides (-8.9 mg/dL, p = 0.001, d = 0.81, medium effect), total cholesterol (-19.7 mg/dL, p = 0,020, d = 1.98, large effect), and LDL (-8.2 mg/dL, p = 0.004, d = 1.96, large effect) decreased, while HDL increased by +10 mg/dL (p = 0.006, d >= 2.0, very large effect). These results underline the positive effects of HIIRT on lipid metabolism and cardiovascular health.Conclusion The results suggest that HIIRT is an effective and time-efficient training model for improving body composition and metabolic health in women. The combination of high-intensity interval training principles with resistance exercise optimizes fat oxidation, improves fat metabolism and supports cardiovascular function. Given its efficacy, HIIRT could be a valuable strategy for treating metabolic disorders and reducing the risks of physically inactive behavior. Future research should focus on long-term adaptations and individual variability in metabolic responses to optimize HIIRT programs for broader populations.Öğe A systematic review on the health effects of fermented wheat germ extract with emphasis on cancer(FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2025) Berkel Kaşıkçı, Müzeyyen ; Issa, Alina; Bağlam, Nurcan; Dinçer, Emine; Güzel, MustafaFermented wheat germ extract (FWGE) is one of the few fermented food products listed in the EFSA novel food Catalogue. It is derived from wheat germ, a by-product of wheat processing, through fermentation with Sacchoromyces cerevisiae. The most widely studied and patented form of FWGE is marketed as Avemar (also referred to as MSC), standardized to contain methoxy-substituted benzoquinones. Given its predominant use in research, this systematic narrative review focused primarily on FWGE use within the medical application. The objective of this review was to systematically evaluate the functionality and potential health benefits of FWGE, following the Study Protocol-S8 developed under COST Action CA20128 - PIMENTO and registered on the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/fq53j/). A systematic literature search of human studies was conducted through PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Studies involving adult participants who received FWGE interventions were included, with primary clinical endpoints selected according to the main indications for FWGE. Additional outcomes were reported when available. Out of the 51 records identified by the literature search, six studies met the inclusion criteria. Data from these studies were extracted and synthesized in summary tables. Supplementary information on the functionality of FWGE was retrieved through a non-systematic search of animal and in vitro studies. Furthermore, this review highlights the potential bioactive constituents of FWGE, particularly benzoquinones, peptides, and phenolic compounds, as mediators of its anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. Among its proposed mechanisms, FWGE may suppress cancer cell proliferation by disrupting the glucose-related metabolic pathways. While the findings suggest that FWGE may possess therapeutic potential, especially in oncology, the strength of evidence remains limited. Of the six included human studies, only four employed proper control groups and only two demonstrated high methodological quality. As such, the current evidence base is insufficient to draw definitive conclusions, and well-designed clinical trials are needed to strengthen this evidence. Moreover, future research should also explore the development of novel FWGE formulations with enhanced bioactive profiles, optimized by modulating fermentation conditions, including such as microbial strain, pH, temperature, and duration.Öğe Isokinetic Knee Strength as a Predictor of Performance in Elite Ski Mountaineering Sprint Athletes(MDPI, 2025) Kural, Burak; Çağlar, Esin Çağla; Uçar, Mine Akkuş; Özer, Uğur; Ceylan, LeventBackground and Objectives: This study aims to investigate the relationship between isokinetic knee strength and competition performance in elite male ski mountaineering sprint athletes and to identify strength parameters that predict performance and contribute to injury prevention. Materials and Methods: Thirteen male athletes participating in the Ski Mountaineering Turkey Cup final stage were included. Isokinetic knee flexion (FLX) and extension (EXT) strength of dominant (DM) and non-dominant (NDM) legs were measured at angular velocities of 60 degrees/s and 180 degrees/s using the DIERS-Myolin Isometric Muscle Strength Analysis System. Competition performance was evaluated using the ISMF scoring system. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 with Pearson correlation and multiple regression analyses after normality, linearity, and homoscedasticity checks. Results: Strong positive correlations were found between hamstring strength at high angular velocities (180 degrees/s) and performance (DM FLX: r = 0.809; NDM FLX: r = 0.880). Extension strength showed moderate correlations at low velocities (60 degrees/s) (DM EXT: r = 0.677; NDM EXT: r = 0.699). Regression analysis revealed that DM FLX at 180 degrees/s and DM EXT at 60 degrees/s explained 49% of performance variance (Adj. R2 = 0.498). For NDM legs, only 180 degrees/s FLX was a significant predictor (beta = 1.468). Conclusions: High-velocity hamstring strength plays a critical role in ski mountaineering sprint performance, particularly during sudden directional changes and dynamic balance. Quadriceps strength at low velocities contributes to prolonged climbing phases. Moreover, identifying and addressing bilateral strength asymmetries may support injury prevention strategies in elite ski mountaineering athletes. These findings provide scientific support for designing training programs targeting explosive hamstring strength, bilateral symmetry, and injury risk reduction, essential for optimizing performance in the 2026 Winter Olympics sprint discipline.Öğe Evaluation of Systemic Embolism in Patients with Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis: Key Insights and Implications(KARE PUBL, 2025) Kalkan, Semih; Güner, Ahmet; Gürsoy, Mustafa Ozan; Kalçık, Macit; Yesin, Mahmut; Bayam, Emrah; Gündüz, Sabahattin; Özkan, MehmetObjective: Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) is a serious complication following heart valve surgery, presenting considerable diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Despite advances in treatment, systemic embolism remains a major adverse event associated with poor outcomes. This study aimed to identify predictors of in-hospital systemic embolism in patients with PVE and to evaluate treatment outcomes. Method: This retrospective, single-center study included 96 patients diagnosed with mechanical PVE between 2012 and 2024. Diagnoses were established based on the modified Duke criteria. Data on demographics, comorbidities, clinical presentation, imaging findings, and treatment strategies were collected and analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were employed to identify risk factors. Results: The study cohort had a median age of 52.4 years (range 22-82). Systemic embolic events occurred in 39 patients (40.6%), with stroke being the most common manifestation (26%). Multivariate analysis identified vegetation size as the only independent predictor of systemic embolism (odds ratio [OR]: 2.34, P = 0.037). ROC analysis determined a vegetation size threshold of 2 cm2, with 66% sensitivity and 78% specificity. Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and a prior history of stroke were also associated with increased embolic risk. Among 31 patients who underwent surgery, early intervention did not significantly reduce embolism rates compared to delayed surgery. Successfultreatment was associated with a lower risk of embolism (P = 0.045). Conclusion: Larger vegetations, elevated ESR, and a prior history of stroke are key risk factors for systemic embolism in PVE. Early identification of high-risk patients and implementation of individualized management strategies are essential to improve clinical outcomes. Further multicenter studies are warranted to refine treatment protocols.Öğe Inspiratory muscle training in natural bodybuilders: adaptations in diaphragm muscle thickness and maximal strength(FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2025) Güler, İskender; Yılmaz, Coşkun; Soylu, Hakan Hüseyin; Ceylan, LeventBackground: The effect of inspiratory muscle training on diaphragm muscle thickness (DT) and one repetition maximal (1RM) in professional natural bodybuilders is still unclear. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of inspiratory muscle training on diaphragm muscle thickness and 1RM in professional natural bodybuilders. Methods: The study comprised a total of 22 athletes who participated in bodybuilding competitions. Each athlete had undergone a minimum of 5 years of training, with a minimum weekly commitment of 5 hours. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: inspiratory muscle training (IMT) and control (CON). The CON continued their normal training regime, while the IMT group also performed inspiratory muscle training with a 10% weekly increase by setting the resistance setting of the PowerBreathe (R) Classic device to 40% of the participant's maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP). Prior to and during the 4-week training period, 1RM bench press measurements and diaphragm muscle thickness measurements were obtained. Results: In the comparison of 1RM power values before and after training, it was determined that the IMT group (%: 11.20) had 6.3% more post-activation performance enhancement compared to the CON group (%: 4.9) (p < 0.001). In the study, it was determined that a higher level of significant post-activation performance enhancement was obtained in the IMT group compared to the CON group in the diaphragm muscle thickness inspiratory phase (DT ins) and ekspiratory phase (DT eks) parameters at 20.36% and 19.46%, respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion, we determined that the addition of progressive loading inspiratory muscle training to preparation programmes in natural bodybuilders will improve diaphragm muscle thickness, 1RM physical performance. In particular, it shows that the diaphragm muscle should be considered not only as a muscle that supports respiration, but also as a muscle that contributes to power generation by optimising intra-abdominal pressure.Öğe Rye (Secale cereale L.) revisited-nutritional composition, functional benefits, and role in sustainable diets(FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2025) Zadeike, Daiva; Copperstone, Claire; Aleksandrova, Olha; Özalp Ünal, Derya ; Güzel, MustafaRye (Secale cereale L.) is increasingly recognized as a sustainable cereal with significant nutritional, ecological, and economic potential. While previous studies have highlighted its dietary fiber (DF), bioactive compounds, and associated health benefits, this review provides an updated synthesis that integrates recent findings on rye's role in human health, food security, and sustainability. In particular, it emphasizes novel evidence on rye's functional properties, its potential contributions to plant-based dietary strategies, and its economic and social relevance. By consolidating current knowledge and outlining future directions for product development and dietary innovation, this work offers a fresh perspective that extends beyond earlier 0 reviews focused on rye.Öğe Reference values for normal main portal vein diameter in subjects aged 1-80 years(SPRINGERNATURE, 2025) Binici, Serhat; Aslan, Fırat; Yanç, Uğur; Gölpınar, MuratPurpose Demographic features of subjects such as body mass index, height, weight, age or sex affect diameters of vessels like main portal vein (MPV). Some articles use different anatomical indicators like L1's body for creating a complete standard while diagnosing venous pathologies. This work aimed to display relationships of portal veins with L1 in normal subjects aged 1-80 years. Methods Abdominopelvic computed tomography views of 800 subjects were included in the work. The diameter of left (LPV) and right (RPV) branches of MPV, and the diameter of MPV at the distal level (MPV1), the middle level (MPV2), and the proximal level (MPV3) were measured. The transverse diameter of L1's body (L1TD) was measured. The ratios of vein diameters to L1TD were calculated. Results Age affected the diameters of portal veins and L1's body. L1TD increased until the early 50 s, but thereafter showed no statistically significant change. The diameters of portal veins increased from birth to approximately the early 50 s, but then decreased statistically. Moreover, MPV1 / L1TD, MPV2 / L1TD and MPV3 / L1TD generally showed a pattern of first increasing and then decreasing with advancing age, whereas RPV / L1TD and LPV / L1TD showed a pattern of decreasing with advancing age. L1TD was greater in males than females (p < 0.001). MPV1, MPV2, MPV3, RPV and LPV were statistically similar for both sexes (p > 0.05). Conclusion Age-specific diameter measurements and calculated ratios in our study may be useful for clinicians to diagnose disorders regarding portal system in pediatric and adult subjects.Öğe Structural and Magnetic Characterization, Biomedical Applications, and Hyperfine Interactions of Quaternary Nanospinel Ferrites(AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 2025) Aljameel, Suhailah S.; Baykal, Abdulhadi; Almessiere, Munirah Abdullah; Rehman, Suriya; Çalışkan, Serkan; Khan, Firdos Alam; Amir, Md; Shirsath, Sagar Eknathrao; Güngüneş, Hakan; Slimani, YassineIn this study, the following, Co0.25Ni0.25Mn0.25Zn0.25Fe2O4 (CoNiMnZn), Co0.25Ni0.25Mn0.25Cu0.25Fe2O4 (CoNiMnCu), Co0.25Ni0.25Zn0.25Cu0.25Fe2O4 (CoNiZnCu), Co0.25Mn0.25Zn0.25Cu0.25Fe2O4 (CoMnZnCu), and Ni0.25Mn0.25Zn0.25Cu0.25Fe2O4 (NiMnZnCu), nano spinel ferrites (NSFs) have been synthesized via a sol-gel auto combustion route. Their XRD analysis confirmed the formation of cubic crystalline nanoproducts without any impurity. The crystallite size of the products varied between 15 and 26 nm. EDX analysis confirmed the chemical composition of each product. According to Mossbauer results, Zn2+ ions occupy A sites. The s-electron density of Fe3+ ions at the A and B sites increased with the Zn2+ doping. The magnetic features of samples with various combinations of Co, Ni, Cu, Mn, and Zn were systematically investigated at room temperature (RT, 300 K) and 10 K. Key magnetic parameters M s (saturation magnetization), M r (remanent magnetization), H c (coercivity), squareness ratio, magnetic moment, and magnetocrystalline anisotropy field) are extracted to elucidate the influence of cationic doping and temperature on their magnetic response. Among all samples, CoNiMnCu displayed the highest magnetic hardness and anisotropy, while NiMnZnCu NSFs exhibited soft magnetic behavior with high M s and low H c. The results demonstrate significant improvements in magnetic ordering and anisotropy at 10 K across all samples, revealing the temperature-driven enhancement of ferrimagnetic coupling. These findings highlight the tunability of magnetic performance through cation engineering and provide guidance for designing spinel ferrites tailored to specific technological applications, such as permanent magnets, sensors, and magnetic devices. The breast cancer cell (MCF-7) biomedical application of all samples showed a significant decrease in cancer cells as revealed by the MTT assay. Among all samples, CoNiZnCu NSFs showed the highest anticancer activities, as the cell viability was 57.95%. We have also examined the treatment of NSFs on HEK-293, and we detected a reduction in cancer cell viability. However, treatment of NSFs showed more cytotoxicity to breast cancer cells than normal cells. The cells were also stained with DAPI staining. The treatment of CoNiZnCu NSFs produced significant cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells. Moreover, CoNiZnCu NSFs induced chromatin abridgment and apoptotic bodies' formation in the cancer cells. The antimicrobial potential of synthesized metal-based compounds was investigated against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans. Five NSFs were tested at a 16 mg/mL concentration using the broth dilution method. E. faecalis showed strong susceptibility to all compounds except CoNiMnZn NSFs. C. albicans exhibited mild resistance, with only CoMnZnCu NSFs showing notable antifungal activity. The findings highlighted selective and promising antimicrobial effects based on the microbial structure.Öğe Therapeutic Effects of tDCS on Calcium and Glutamate Excitotoxicity in a Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Rat Model(TURKISH NEUROSURGICAL SOC, 2025) Akçay, Güven; Demirdöğen, Filiz; Kotan, Dilcan; Gül, Tuba; Yılmaz, Ali; Ergül, Yusuf Müslüm; Çelik, ÇağlaAIM: To investigate the therapeutic effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on calcium and glutamate excitotoxicity caused by ischemia-reperfusion (IR). MATERIAL and METHODS: The IR model was generated by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. tDCS treatment was applied at 1 mA for 30 min daily at the 2nd, 24th, and 48th h of IR. The motor and cognitive functions and the concentrations of Ca2+, glutamate, and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) in the hippocampus tissues were evaluated. RESULTS: Results showed a reduction in motor and cognitive functions in the IR group compared with that in the sham group, whereas these functions increased in the IR+tDCS group compared with those in the IR group. Ca2+, glutamate, and NMDAR concentrations were higher in the IR group than in the sham group but lower in the IR+tDCS group than in the IR group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that tDCS treatment improves motor and cognitive dysfunctions after IR and exerts therapeutic effects on learning and memory through the regulation of Ca2+ and glutamate excitotoxicity.Öğe Effect of histidine and carnosine on haemoglobin recovery in anaemia induced-kidney damage and iron-loading mouse models(SPRINGER WIEN, 2025) Vera-Aviles, Mayra; Moreno-Fernandez, Jorge; Köse, Tuğba; Hider, Robert ; Latunde-Dada, Gladys O.Histidine and carnosine can form complexes with divalent metal ions such as Fe2+, potentially providing stability to intracellular labile iron. Anaemia is a common comorbidity in the late stages of kidney disease, and patients are treated with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) and iron supplementation. However, iron supplementation is also associated with worse long-term outcomes. The purpose of this study is to investigate how histidine and carnosine supplementation can reduce symptoms of anaemia of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the effects associated with iron-overloaded conditions. Adenine-induced chronic kidney disease mice were treated with histidine and carnosine by oral gavage for 10 days. Additionally, a model involving iron overload in mice was established, and these mice received concurrent treatment with histidine and carnosine. Haemoglobin, non-haem iron, malondialdehyde (MDA) and iron parameters were measured. Carnosine increased erythropoietin (EPO) levels (35.62 mu g/ml +/- 11.43) and resulted in haemoglobin repletion (16.7 g/dL +/- 3.4). When iron was supplemented alongside with histidine or carnosine, there were better effects on haemoglobin repletion (14.22 +/- 1.7 and 13.82 +/- 2.15 g/ dL respectively), ferritin (59.5 +/- 16.4, 52 +/- 29.5 mu g/ml) and non-haem iron (0.8 +/- 0.21, 0.7 +/- 0.38 nmol/mg), than the group receiving iron alone (p < 0.05). Furthermore, histidine and carnosine reduced non-haem iron and MDA, in iron-loaded conditions (p < 0.05). These positive effects observed in histidine and carnosine could be associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging. EPO restoring levels in CKD model and the increment in haemoglobin and ferritin in carnosine treatments suggested the potential formation of a ternary complex with iron-glutathione. In conclusion, our results indicate the beneficial effect of histidine and carnosine in the context of iron supplementation for the correction of haemoglobin and protection against iron-loaded conditions.Öğe Determination of biofilm formation capacity of Metschnikowia reukaufii strain(Refik Saydam National Public Health Agency (RSNPHA), 2024) Büyüksırt Bedir, TubaObjective: Biofilm is a community of microorganisms attached to biotic or abiotic surfaces. Microorganisms that form biofilms cause much more serious medical and industrial problems than their planktonic forms. In this sense, the ability of microorganisms to form biofilms must be known and precautions must be taken. The aim of this study is to create stress in the Metschnikowia reukaufii MN622824 strain, whose inhibitory substance production increases under stress conditions, by trying different environmental conditions and to determine its effect on biofilm formation. In addition, to observe its effect on biofilm formation on stainless steel (SS) surfaces, which are frequently used in food machines. Methods: Biofilm formation was compared with the tube method and the microtitration plate method. For this purpose, 5 different media compositions containing 5% glucose, 10% glucose, 5% NaCl, 10% NaCl, containing no glucose and NaCl (sodium chloride), and 3 different incubation periods consisting of 3, 5 and 7 days were tested. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy imaging was performed to examine the adhesion of biofilm to stainless steel coupons. Results: In the tube method, the highest biofilm formation was observed after three days of incubation in tubes with 5% glucose added. No biofilm was formed in the tubes that were kept for seven days or 10% NaCl was added. In the microtitration plate method the strong biofilm formation (1.3022) was obtained after three days of incubation in a medium containing 5% glucose. In the control group without glucose and NaCl, moderate biofilm formation were observed on the 3rd day (0.7385) and the 5th day (0.6882). Biofilm formation was evaluated as absent or weak in media containing 10% glucose or NaCl. As glucose and NaCl concentrations increased, biofilm formation decreased. Reticular bond structure showing biofilm formation were imaged with a scanning electron microscope in the control group on days 3–5–7, 5% NaCl and 5% glucose concentration on the 3rd day, and 5% glucose concentration on the 5th day. Conclusion: Biofilm formation in food factories poses a significant health problem. It was observed that increasing NaCl, glucose concentration and incubation time negatively affected the biofilm formation of the Metschnikowia reukaufii strain. Biofilm formation decreases or disappears in yeasts exposed to stress conditions. It is thought that the data obtained will help in biofilm control. © (2024), (Refik Saydam National Public Health Agency (RSNPHA)). All rights reserved.Öğe Is using inhaled corticosteroid effective against COVID-19 pneumonia severity and mortality?(TURKISH ASSOC TUBERCULOSIS & THORAX, 2024) Kılıç, Hatice; Argüder, Emine; Civak, Musa; Demir, EmreIntroduction: It is known that the use of inhaled corticosteroids increases the incidence of pneumonia in patients followed up with the diagnosis of chronic asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to investigate the contribution of inhaled steroid use to pneumonia severity and mortality in cases with COVID-19 pneumonia. Materials and Methods: The study is a retrospective, observational study. Among the cases admitted to the pandemic clinic, patients diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia were included. The plan was to compare cases who received and did not receive inhaled corticosteroids in terms of pneumonia severity and mortality. In order to define risk factors for mortality, univariate and multivariable negative binomial regression analyses were performed. Results: In our study, it was observed that n= 540 (75%) cases did not receive inhaled corticosteroids (group 1), and 180 (25%) cases used inhaled corti costeroids (group 2). Group 1 and group 2 cases were compared in terms of pneumonia severity with no significant difference between the two groups (p= 0.11). Then, risk factors affecting mortality in all cases were examined with univariate analyses. Increasing age, applying mechanical ventilation, having severe pneumonia, having interstitial lung disease, and applying prone position were found to be statistically significant factors in mortality (p< 0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, in our study, it was observed that the use of inhaled corticosteroids did not increase the severity of pneumonia and mortality. It was thought that the treatment they received could be continued when the patients treated with inhaled corticosteroids due to asthma and COPD had COVID-19 pneumonia.Öğe The effect of aerobic and high-intensity interval training on plasma pentraxin 3 and lipid parameters in overweight and obese women(PEERJ INC, 2024) Çiçek, Güner; Özcan, Oğuzhan; Akyol, Pelin; Işık, Özkan; Novak, Dario; Küçük, HamzaBackground. It is unclear whether different exercise programs lead to an increase in the concentration of plasma Pentraxin3 (PTX3), an anti-inflammatory protein. This study aimed to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise (AE) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on plasma PTX3 levels in overweight and obese women. Method. A total of 45 sedentary women aged between 32.26 ± 6.30 voluntarily participated in the study. The control group (CG, n = 15) was selected among normalweight women. Women in the group of participants who partook in exercise consisted of overweight and obese women according to a random method, including the AE group (n = 15) and the HIIT group (n = 15). The AE session conducted was 50 min in duration and consisted of warm-up exercises (5 min), and primary exercises (40 min, basic aerobic-step exercises). HIIT consists of warm-up exercises (5 min), primary exercises (work intervals: 6?10 × 1 min (80–90% HRmax), rest intervals: 1 min (walk, 50% HRmax), 21–29 min running. The exercises were applied for three sessions/week for 12 weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken from all participants before and after exercise and their body composition was measured. Results. As a result of two different 12-week exercises, serum PTX3 levels increased significantly by 47.53% in the AE group and 50.21% in the HIIT group (p < 0.01). It was determined that the mean PTX3 before and after exercise increased from 1.71 ± 0.43 to 2.47 ± 0.40 ng/dL and HIIT from 1.62 ± 0.39 to 2.31 ± 0.33 ng/dL. A significant decrease in body mass index (BMI) values were detected, approximately 5.81% in the AE group and 5.06% in the HIIT group (p < .01). A significant decrease was detected in glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, LDL-C, and hsCRP whereas HDL-C and VO2max value increased significantly in both exercise groups (p < .05; p < .01). There were no significant differences in TG and TC levels between groups (p > .05). Also, no significant differences were found between the two types of exercises in terms of parameters. A significant negative correlation in the total sample was found between PTX3 with BMI, fat mass, LDL-C, and hsCRP.Öğe The surveillance and assessment of acute injuries in different age categories in national wrestling championships(Elsevier, 2024) Can, Sema; Demirkan, Erkan; Arıcı, Mustafa; Tosun, Mehmet İsmail; Cicioğlu, Halil İbrahimPurpose: The purpose of this study is to surveil the injuries in wrestling according to the different age categories and wrestling styles throughout the competition season. Methods: The study was designed as a descriptive study. The study was conducted during the wrestling competition season in 2023 (from January 2023 to July 2023), which includes 5 different age categories: U-15, U-17, U-20, U-23, and seniors, along with the Turkey National Wrestling Championships. The data of injuries was recorded immediately after the acute injury was treated by the medical expert during the competitions and evaluated according to the parameters that were obtained. In the statistical analysis, the frequency and percentage values were presented as descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test was used. Results: The study incorporated a total of 6214 wrestlers and a total of 7151 wrestling bouts were performed during these competitions. The analyses indicated that the rate of injury incidence was 42.65‰ in all wrestling styles. When taking account of the injured body parts in all wrestlers’ exposures, the occurrence of injuries to the head-face, neck, trunk, upper extremity, and lower extremity, rates of 17.6‰, 1.3‰, 3.6‰, 13.5‰, and 6.6‰, respectively, were observed. According to the pre-diagnosis based on freestyle, Greco-Roman, and female wrestling styles, injuries with bleeding (39.6%, 46.3%, and 14.6%, respectively) and muscle strain (37.9%, 28.7 %, and 52.6%, respectively) most often occurred. Conclusion: The study findings indicate that most cases of injury appeared to occur in bleeding and muscle strain in all wrestling styles. We suggest that medical experts should set up their health equipment with consideration to the injuries that occur most frequently.Öğe A study of crashworthiness performance in thin-walledmulti-cell tubes 3D-printed from different polymers(WILEY, 2024) Tunay, Merve; Bardakcı, AlperenMulticellular, thin-walled impact tubes have been intensely studied and usedin various engineering fields in recent years due to their lightweight, high per-formance, ease of application, superior energy absorption, and stable deforma-tion characteristics. In this study, energy absorption, crashworthinessperformances, and deformation properties of thin-walled structures manufac-tured from polylactic acid (PLA+) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)using fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology were compared underquasi-static axial compression. Thin-walled structures consist of multicellulartubes connected by concentric corner-edge connections with square and hex-agonal cross-sections. Experimental testing outcomes indicate that the energyabsorption capacity increases with increasing the number of corners in multi-cellular structures. The tubes with square wall-to-wall (S-WW) and hexagonalwall-to-wall (H-WW) cross-sections exhibit superior crashworthiness perfor-mance compared to other cross-sections. Based on the experimental results,the absorbed energy by WW patterned PLA+ square tubes are 19%, 7%, and46% more than that of wall-to-corner (WC), corner-to-wall (CW), and corner-to-corner (CC) patterned tubes, respectively, while it is 11%, 19%, and 80%more in hexagonal cross-section tubes, respectively. This study provides aninformative reference for easier applicability of multicellular energy-absorbingstructures with 3D-print and the design of corner-edge connections of internalconnections in multicellular structures.
