Psoriasis hastalık şiddeti ve algılanan sosyal desteğin sosyal görünüş kaygısına etkisi
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Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Hitit Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Amaç: Psoriasis, psikososyal komorbiditelerle ilişkili kronik inflamatuar bir hastalıktır. Psoriasis hastalarında sıklıkla utanç duyma, düşük benlik saygısı ve sosyal ortamlardan kaçınma eğilimi görülür, bu da sosyal kaygı düzeylerinin artmasına neden olabilir. Hastalar ayrıca sosyal etkileşimler konusunda kaygı yaşayabilir ve bu da yaşam kalitelerini etkiler. Bu çalışma ile; psoriasis hastalık şiddeti ve algılanan sosyal destek düzeyini saptayarak, bu iki değişkenin sosyal görünüş kaygısına etkisini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Elde edilecek olan verilerin doğrultusunda, birinci basamağın koruyucu hekimlik rolü ve biyopsikososyal yaklaşımı ile; sorunlu bulunan alanların onarılması/önlenmesi için eğitim çalışmaları ve sağlık hizmetlerini geliştirmeye yönelik girişimler planlamak, böylece, hastalığın kişideki olumsuz etkilerini azaltmak, hastalık sürecini kolaylaştırmak, gerekli görüldüğünde hastayı doğru merkezlere yönlendirmek, sosyo-demografik verilerle; hastalık dışı etkenlerin sosyal destek, hastalık şiddeti ve görünüş kaygısına olan etkilerini değerlendirmek ve bu alandaki literatüre katkıda bulunmak amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma, tanımlayıcı tipte, kesitsel, nicel ve prospektif bir çalışma olarak, Hitit Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Erol Olçok Eğitim ve Aratırma Hastanesi, Dermatoloji ve Aile Hekimliği polikliniklerine başvuran ve çalışmaya dahil edilme ölçütlerini karşılayan psoriasis tanılı 140 hasta ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada psoriasis hastalık şiddeti ölçümü için hesaplanan PASI (Psoriasis Area Severity Index) skoruna ek olarak Sosyo-Demografik Veri Formu, Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (MSPSS) ve Sosyal Görünüş Kaygısı Ölçeği (SGKÖ) yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle uygulanmıştır. Toplanan veriler, uygun istatistiksel yöntemler kullanılarak SPSS 25 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 25) paket programıyla analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilenlerin yaş ortalaması 34,11 ve %55'i kadındır. Hastaların hastalık süresi ortalama 9,17 yıl ve hastalık başlangıç yaşı ortalaması 24,95 olarak bulunmuştur. PASI skoru, erkeklerin kadınlardan, lise ve altı eğitim düzeyine sahip olanların üniversite ve üstü eğitim düzeyine sahip olanlardan, evli olanların bekarlardan yüksek saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Evli olanların MSPSS Aile alt ölçek puanı bekarlardan yüksek saptanmıştır (p<0,01). Arkadaşıyla yaşayan hastaların MSPSS Arkadaşlar alt ölçek puanı yalnız yaşayanlardan yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Kamuda çalışan hastaların MSPSS toplam puanı öğrenci/ev hanımı ve özel sektör/serbest olarak çalışanlardan yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,01). MSPSS toplam puanıyla hastalık başlangıç yaşı arasında pozitif yönlü düşük/orta düzeyde, PASI skoruyla arasında negatif yönlü düşük/orta düzeyde korelasyon saptanmıştır. Tartışma-Sonuç: Algılanan sosyal destek ve hastalık şiddeti arasındaki negatif yönlü korelasyon, psoriasis gibi kronik hastalıkların yönetiminde sosyal destek sistemlerinin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Hastalar için kişiselleştirilmiş sosyal destek programları, hastalığın etkilerini azaltmada ve hasta yaşam kalitesini iyileştirmede kritik bir rol oynayabilir. Algılanan sosyal destek ve sosyal görünüş kaygısı arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmamış olması, bu değişkenlerin bağımsız olabileceğini düşündürebilir. Yani, bir birey yüksek düzeyde sosyal destek algılasa bile, bu onun görünüşüne dair kaygılarını otomatik olarak azaltmayabilir. Sosyal destek, farklı kaynaklardan sağlanabilir ve bu desteklerin niteliği, sosyal görünüş kaygısı üzerinde farklı etkiler yaratabilir. Bireylerin kişilik özellikleri, özgüven düzeyleri ve diğer psikolojik faktörler sosyal destek algısı ile sosyal görünüş kaygısı arasındaki ilişkide rol oynayabilir. Psoriasis şiddeti ile sosyal görünüş kaygısı arasında anlamlı korelasyon saptanmamış olması da, hasta merkezli yaklaşımın önemini vurgular ve hastalığın yayılımı ve şiddetinden bağımsız olarak, kişilerin bedenlerindeki değişimi nasıl algıladıklarını saptamak, etkin tedavi yaklaşımları açısından önem arz eder. Bu çalışmada incelenen sosyo-demografik özelliklerin sosyal görünüş kaygısı üzerinde belirleyici bir rol oynamadığı bulunmuştur ancak, bu kaygının altında yatan diğer faktörlerin daha iyi anlaşılması için daha kapsamlı araştırmaların yapılması gerekebilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Psoriasis, Algılanan Sosyal Destek, Sosyal Görünüş Kaygısı
Introduction and Aim: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with psychosocial comorbidities. Patients with psoriasis often experience shame, poor self-esteem and a social avoidance, which can lead to increased levels of social anxiety. Patients may also experience anxiety about social interactions, which affects their quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the severity of psoriasis disease and the level of perceived social support and to evaluate the effect of these two variables on social appearance anxiety. In line with the data to be obtained, with the preventive medicine role of primary care and biopsychosocial approach; it is aimed to plan educational studies and initiatives to improve health services to repair/prevent problematic areas, thus reducing the negative effects of the disease on the person, facilitating the disease process, directing the patient to the right centers when necessary, evaluating the effects of non-disease factors on social support, disease severity and appearance anxiety with socio-demographic data and contributing to the literature in this field. Materials and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative and prospective study was conducted with 140 patients diagnosed with psoriasis who met the inclusion criteria and applied to the Dermatology and Family Medicine outpatient clinics of Hitit University Faculty of Medicine Erol Olçok Training and Research Hospital. In the study, in addition to the PASI (Psoriasis Area Severity Index) score calculated for the measurement of psoriasis disease severity, the Socio-Demographic Data Form, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS) were administered by face-to-face interview method. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS 25 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 25) package program using appropriate statistical methods. Results: The mean age of the patients included in the study was 34,11 years and 55% were female. The mean duration of the disease was 9,17 years and the mean age at disease onset was 24,95 years. The PASI score was higher in males than females, in patients with high school degree or below than those with university degree or above, and in married patients than single patients (p<0.05). MSPSS Family subscale score of married patients was higher than single patients (p<0.01). The MSPSS Friends subscale score of patients living with friends was higher than those living alone (p<0.05). The MSPSS total score of patients who were employed in the public sector was higher than those who were students, housewives, employed in the private sector and freelancers (p<0.01). There was a low/moderate positive correlation between MSPSS total score and age at onset of illness and a low/moderate negative correlation between MSPSS total score and PASI score. Discussion-Conclusion: The negative correlation between perceived social support and disease severity emphasizes the importance of social support systems in the management of chronic diseases such as psoriasis. Personalized social support programs for patients can play a critical role in reducing the effects of illness and improving patient quality of life. The lack of a significant relationship between perceived social support and social appearance anxiety may suggest that these variables may be independent. That is, even if a person perceives high levels of social support, this may not automatically reduce their anxiety about their appearance. Social support can be provided from different sources and the quality of these supports may have different effects on social appearance anxiety. Personal characteristics, self-confidence levels and other psychological factors may play a role in the relationship between perception of social support and social appearance anxiety. The fact that no significant correlation was found between psoriasis severity and social appearance anxiety emphasizes the importance of a patient-centered approach and how people perceive the change in their bodies, regardless of the extent and severity of the disease, is important for effective treatment approaches. The socio-demographic characteristics examined in this study were not found to play a decisive role in social appearance anxiety, but more extensive research may be needed to better understand other factors underlying this anxiety. Keywords: Psoriasis, Perceived Social Support, Social Appearance Anxiety
Introduction and Aim: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with psychosocial comorbidities. Patients with psoriasis often experience shame, poor self-esteem and a social avoidance, which can lead to increased levels of social anxiety. Patients may also experience anxiety about social interactions, which affects their quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the severity of psoriasis disease and the level of perceived social support and to evaluate the effect of these two variables on social appearance anxiety. In line with the data to be obtained, with the preventive medicine role of primary care and biopsychosocial approach; it is aimed to plan educational studies and initiatives to improve health services to repair/prevent problematic areas, thus reducing the negative effects of the disease on the person, facilitating the disease process, directing the patient to the right centers when necessary, evaluating the effects of non-disease factors on social support, disease severity and appearance anxiety with socio-demographic data and contributing to the literature in this field. Materials and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative and prospective study was conducted with 140 patients diagnosed with psoriasis who met the inclusion criteria and applied to the Dermatology and Family Medicine outpatient clinics of Hitit University Faculty of Medicine Erol Olçok Training and Research Hospital. In the study, in addition to the PASI (Psoriasis Area Severity Index) score calculated for the measurement of psoriasis disease severity, the Socio-Demographic Data Form, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS) were administered by face-to-face interview method. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS 25 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 25) package program using appropriate statistical methods. Results: The mean age of the patients included in the study was 34,11 years and 55% were female. The mean duration of the disease was 9,17 years and the mean age at disease onset was 24,95 years. The PASI score was higher in males than females, in patients with high school degree or below than those with university degree or above, and in married patients than single patients (p<0.05). MSPSS Family subscale score of married patients was higher than single patients (p<0.01). The MSPSS Friends subscale score of patients living with friends was higher than those living alone (p<0.05). The MSPSS total score of patients who were employed in the public sector was higher than those who were students, housewives, employed in the private sector and freelancers (p<0.01). There was a low/moderate positive correlation between MSPSS total score and age at onset of illness and a low/moderate negative correlation between MSPSS total score and PASI score. Discussion-Conclusion: The negative correlation between perceived social support and disease severity emphasizes the importance of social support systems in the management of chronic diseases such as psoriasis. Personalized social support programs for patients can play a critical role in reducing the effects of illness and improving patient quality of life. The lack of a significant relationship between perceived social support and social appearance anxiety may suggest that these variables may be independent. That is, even if a person perceives high levels of social support, this may not automatically reduce their anxiety about their appearance. Social support can be provided from different sources and the quality of these supports may have different effects on social appearance anxiety. Personal characteristics, self-confidence levels and other psychological factors may play a role in the relationship between perception of social support and social appearance anxiety. The fact that no significant correlation was found between psoriasis severity and social appearance anxiety emphasizes the importance of a patient-centered approach and how people perceive the change in their bodies, regardless of the extent and severity of the disease, is important for effective treatment approaches. The socio-demographic characteristics examined in this study were not found to play a decisive role in social appearance anxiety, but more extensive research may be needed to better understand other factors underlying this anxiety. Keywords: Psoriasis, Perceived Social Support, Social Appearance Anxiety
Açıklama
Hitit Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi
