Atık baca gazından elektrik enerjisi üretimi ve ısı değiştiricisi tasarımı
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Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Hitit Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Teknolojinin gelişmesi ve artan nüfus enerjiye olan bağımlılığı arttırmaktadır. Ülkemiz enerji ithalatçısı ülkelerden biri olduğundan enerjinin verimli kullanılması önemlidir. Bu bağlamda enerji tüketiminin fazla olduğu yerlerde enerji verimliliğine yönelik çalışmaların yapılması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı enerji tüketimi yüksek olan bir işletmenin ürettiği atık baca gazını işletme içerisinde faydalı işe dönüştürerek verimliliğe ve çevreye olan etkisini ortaya koymaktır. Bu kapsamda Merzifon Organize Sanayi Bölgesinde yer alan metal sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bir işletme hedef alınarak analizler yapılmıştır. Firma bünyesinde bulunan tav fırınından çevreye salınan baca gazı ile ilgili çalışmalar yapıldı. Firmada bulunan tav fırınının baca gazı verileri firma içerisinde yapılan ölçümlerle elde edilmiştir. Atık baca gazının debisi 28.229,1 m3/saat, çıkış sıcaklığı ise 122,36 °C olarak ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen veriler ışığında baca kesitine uygun ısı değiştirici tasarımı yapılmış ve daha sonra baca gazı sıcaklığından elektrik üretecek bir sistem tasarımı yapılmıştır. Tasarım çalışmasında firma bünyesinde bacada kullanılacak ısı değiştiricisi gövde-borulu ısı değiştiricisi olarak belirlendi. Sistemde baca gazı sıcaklığından elektrik üretimi için Organik Rankine Çevriminin kullanılması öngörülmektedir. Çalışmada mühendislik çözümleri için yaygın olarak kullanılan Engineering Equation Solver (EES) paket programı kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada R290, R245fa, R134a, R600, R1234yf ve R1234ze soğutucu akışkanları için ayrı ayrı hesaplamalar yapılmıştır. Altı farklı akışkan için termodinamik ve ekonomik analizler yapıldı. Sonuç olarak tasarlanan sistem sonucunda maksimum 42,796 kW elektrik enerjisi üretilebileceği gösterilmiştir. Ayrıca sistemin geri ödeme süresi 3 yıl 3 ay olarak hesaplanmıştır.
The development of technology and the increasing population increase the dependence on energy. Since our country is one of the energy importing countries, it is important to use energy efficiently. In this context, studies on energy efficiency need to be carried out in places where energy consumption is high. The main purpose of this study is to reveal the impact on efficiency and the environment by converting the waste flue gas produced by a business with high energy consumption into useful work within the business. In this context, analyzes were made by targeting a business operating in the metal sector located in Merzifon Organized Industrial Zone. Studies were carried out on the flue gas released into the environment from the annealing furnace within the company. Flue gas data of the annealing furnace in the company were obtained through measurements made within the company. The flow rate of the waste flue gas was measured as 28.229,1 m3/hour and the outlet temperature was measured as 122,36 °C. In the light of the data obtained, a heat exchanger was designed suitable for the chimney cross-section and then a system that would generate electricity from the flue gas temperature was designed. In the design study, the heat exchanger to be used in the chimney within the company was determined as a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. It is envisaged to use the Organic Rankine Cycle to generate electricity from the flue gas temperature in the system. Engineering Equation Solver (EES) package program, which is widely used for engineering solutions, was used in the study. In the study, separate calculations were made for R290, R245fa, R134a, R600, R1234yf and R1234ze refrigerants. Thermodynamic and economic analyzes were performed for six different fluids. As a result, it has been shown that a maximum of 42,796 kW of electrical energy can be produced as a result of the designed system. In addition, the payback period of the system is calculated as 3 years and 3 months.
The development of technology and the increasing population increase the dependence on energy. Since our country is one of the energy importing countries, it is important to use energy efficiently. In this context, studies on energy efficiency need to be carried out in places where energy consumption is high. The main purpose of this study is to reveal the impact on efficiency and the environment by converting the waste flue gas produced by a business with high energy consumption into useful work within the business. In this context, analyzes were made by targeting a business operating in the metal sector located in Merzifon Organized Industrial Zone. Studies were carried out on the flue gas released into the environment from the annealing furnace within the company. Flue gas data of the annealing furnace in the company were obtained through measurements made within the company. The flow rate of the waste flue gas was measured as 28.229,1 m3/hour and the outlet temperature was measured as 122,36 °C. In the light of the data obtained, a heat exchanger was designed suitable for the chimney cross-section and then a system that would generate electricity from the flue gas temperature was designed. In the design study, the heat exchanger to be used in the chimney within the company was determined as a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. It is envisaged to use the Organic Rankine Cycle to generate electricity from the flue gas temperature in the system. Engineering Equation Solver (EES) package program, which is widely used for engineering solutions, was used in the study. In the study, separate calculations were made for R290, R245fa, R134a, R600, R1234yf and R1234ze refrigerants. Thermodynamic and economic analyzes were performed for six different fluids. As a result, it has been shown that a maximum of 42,796 kW of electrical energy can be produced as a result of the designed system. In addition, the payback period of the system is calculated as 3 years and 3 months.
Açıklama
Hitit Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Anahtar Kelimeler
Enerji, Atık ısı, Termodinamik Analiz, Isı değiştiricisi, Organik Rankine Çevrimi, Energy, Waste heat, Thermodynamic Analysis, Heat exchanger, Organic Rachine Cycle
