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Öğe An ultrastructural study, effects of Proteus vulgaris OX19 on the rabbit spleen cells(2013) Gül, Nursel; Gökalp Özkorkmaz, Ebru; Keleşoğlu, İlknur; Özlük, AydınEffects of Proteus vulgaris OX19 on the spleen cells of rabbits were investigated. Control group (n= 5) and Proteus treated group (n= 5) of New Zealand male rabbits were used in this study. Bacteria were injected to the rabbits in five days periods with increasing dosages for one month. Thin sections were examined by transmission electron microscope (Jeol 100CXII). Ultrastructural changes were defined in spleen tissue cells due to the antigenic stimulation of bacteria. Spleen cells observed in control group were in normal structure and cells were in close contact with each other. However, spleen cells of Proteus treated group displayed structural changes with regard to the control group in electron microscopic examinations. Chemotaxis of macrophages, forming of pseudopodia and presence of phagocytic vacuoles were observed. Lymphocytes, the major cells of spleen revealed mitotic activity. In addition, chromatin condensation in nucleus and dilatations in perinuclear space were significant. Interactions of lymphocytes and macrophages were noteworthy. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.Öğe Biometric and allozymic variations in the genus dryomys (Rodentia: Gliridae) in Turkey(Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, 2011) Yiğit, Nuri; Çolak, Ercüment; Çolak, Reyhan; Özlük, Aydın; Gül, Nursel; Çam, Pınar; Saygılı, FulyaBiometric and allozymic variations were analysed in three populations of Dryomys nitedula one population of Dryomys laniger from Turkey. Multivariate analysis of 32 external and cranial measurements was performed on 44 specimens. Of the morphometric variables, twenty-six characters were found to be significantly different between both species (Tukey HSD, p < 0.05), and the total variance was explained by seven principle components (80.1%). The Black Sea population of D. nitedula and that of D. laniger were markedly separate on the first two canonical functions. The genetic analysis was carried out on 17 enzyme systems of 36 specimens. Nine out of twenty loci were found to be polymorphic in D. nitedula populations and five were polymorphic in D. laniger. Ldh and Gpi loci were fixed for different alleles between D. nitedula and D. laniger. The mean value of the fixation index (F ST = 0.13) indicated moderate to high genetic differences between the populations of D. nitedula. Nei's measure of genetic distance (D) varied from 0.006 to 0.030 among the populations of D. nitedula, whereas the highest genetic distance appeared between the Black Sea population of D. nitedula and D. laniger (D= 0.187).Öğe Lectin histochemistry of Agrotis segetum midgut cells and peritrophic membrane(Gazi University, 2018) Shomali-Moghaddam, Naznoosh; Gül, Nursel; Gökalp Özkorkmaz, Ebru; Özlük, AydınMidgut cell and peritrophic membranes of grain pest Agrotis segetum larvae were examined by light microscope. Six biotinylated lectins were used in the assays by applying histochemical methods (Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase). The aim of this study was to find lectins binding on peritrophic membranes if they were available as insecticidal agents. Results of the study indicated that lectins BPA (Bauhinia purpurea) and GS-I (Griffonia simplicifolia) strongly stained whereas, PNA (Pea Nut Agglutinin) and UEA-1 (Ulex europaeus) moderately stained the tissues. However, WGA (Wheat Germ Agglutinin) and Con-A (Canavalia ensiformis) stained the tissues weakly. The common feature of two binding proteins, BPA and GS-I lectin was binding to D-galactose. Our examinations revealed that D-galactose mostly exists in A. segetum larvae midgut cell membranes and peritrophic membrane and this means BPA and GS-I lectins can be used as insecticidal agents against A. segetum. © 2018, Gazi University Eti Mahallesi. All rights reserved.Öğe The effect of the neurosecretory material in the median neurosecretory cells on egg development of the endoparasitic pimpla turionellae L. (hymenoptera: ichneumonidae)(Hacettepe Üniversitesi, 2010) Özlük, Aydın; Gül, NurselThe purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the neurosecretory material (NSM) in median neurosecretory cells (MNC) on reproduction of endoparasitic Pimpla turionellae L.. For this purpose, the egg maturation and amount of the NSM in MNC of the insects were examined by the serial cross sections of the brain. Egg maturation was determined by measuring the terminal oocyte length in the ovariole. The sections of insect brains were stained by paraldehyde fuchsin to determine the amount of the NSM in the neurosecretory granules of the MNC. The amount of the NSM in MNC was at a certain level in the first day of egg development. While terminal oocyte was reaching the maximum length, amount of NSM in MNC decreased the minumum level. During the egg laying phase, the amount of the NSM in MNC reached the maximum level. These observations give us the idea that the neurosecretory material in median neurosecretory cell of this insect may be related to the egg development.Öğe The paraldehyde fuchsin positive material in corpora cardiaca of Pimpla turionellae L. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) during egg maturation(İstanbul Üniversitesi, 2011) Özlük, Aydın; Gül, NurselBu çalışmanın amacı, bir dış parazit olan Pimpla turionellae’nin korpus kardiacum(CC)’undaki nörosekresyon maddesinin üreme üzerine olan etkisini incelemektir. Bu amaçla, seri kesitlerde, böceğin yumurta gelişimi ve korpus kardiacum’undaki nörosekresyon maddesi gözlenmiştir. Böceğin beyin kesitleri paraldehit fuksin ile boyanmıştır. Yumurta gelişimi, yumurtalık kesitlerindeki terminal oosit boyu ölçülerek belirlenmiştir. 3. günde gözlenen yumurta büyümesi, 15. günde en yüksek seviyesine ulaşmış ve bu günden sonra yumurta bırakma gözlenmiştir. CC’deki paraldehit fuksin pozitif (PF+ NS) maddenin miktarı, yumurta gelişiminin ilk günlerinde belirli bir seviyedeydi. Terminal oositler en uzun boylarına ulaşırken, CC’deki PF+ NS maddenin seviyesi en aza indi. Yumurta bırakma evresinde ise bu seviye, en yüksek değerine ulaştı. Bu gözlemler bize, bu böceğin korpora kardiaka’sındaki nörosekresyon maddesinin yumurta gelişimi ile ilişkisi olabileceği fikrini vermiştir.Öğe Ultrastructural description of the corpora allata of Pimpla turionellae L. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)(2011) Özlük, Aydın; Gül, Nursel; Muhammed, AhmedThe corpora allata, are endocrine glands which produced juvenile hormone. In this study, corpora allata of adult females of Pimpla turionellae were examined ultrastructurally by using the transmission electron microscopy. The gland is surrounded with thick fibrous capsule that penetrates into the gland as a stromatal ramification. The ultrastructure of gland cells had the same characteristic of proteinsecreting cells. These cells had oval shaped nuclei, numerous granules, lysosomes, mitochondria and vacuoles. There are granules of electron-dense, electron-modarate and electron-lucent. These granules are actually membrane-limited secretory vesicles which are filled with the proteinaceous hormone produced by the gland cells. Microtubules and mitochondria were observed in the cytoplasm of axons of neurosecretory cells found among the gland cells. © 2011 Academic Journals.
