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Çorum Çevresindeki Yayla Topraklarından İzole Edilen Actinobacteria Üyelerinin Biyosentetik Genlerinin Taranması
(2021) Tatar, Demet; Veyisoğlu, Aysel
Bu çalışmada, Çorum (Kargı ve Osmancık) çevresindeki yaylalardan izole edilen aktinomiset izolatlarının poliketit sentaz ve ribozomal olmayan peptit sentetaz biyosentetik sistemlerinin varlığı moleküler tekniklerle araştırılmıştır. Toplamda 15 tane Actinobacteria üyesinin sekonder metabolit biyosentetik genlerinin (PKS III/NRPS) varlığı PCR temelli incelenmiştir. Yapılan çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, 15 tane aktinomiset izolatının 7 tanesi PKS-I, 11 tanesi PKS-II ve 14 tanesinin NRPS gen bölgesine sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde izolatların nonribozomal peptid sentetaz (NRPS) gen kümelerini tip I-II poliketit sentazlar (PKS-I-II) gen kümelerinden daha fazla içerdiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca 5 izolatın üç gen kümesini bir arada bulundurduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak yaylalardan izole edilen aktinomisetlerin yüksek sekonder metabolit üretme kapasitesine sahip olduğu görülmüştür.
Reducing lactose content of milk from livestock and humans via lactose imprinted poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-N-methacryloyl-L-aspartic acid) cryogels
(Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2021) Erol, Kadir; Arslan Akveran, Gönül; Köse, Kazım; Köse, Dursun Ali
Lactase, which can cause lactose intolerance in its deficiency, is a vital enzyme concerning digestion. To overcome lactose intolerance for patients with digestion problem depending of this kind of issue, lactose in food should be removed. In this study, lactose imprinted poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-N-methacryloyl-L-aspartic acid), poly(HEMA-MAsp), cryogels were synthesized to reduce the amount of lactose content of milk samples. Occurrence of desired bounds, structural integrity, and surface characteristics were analyzed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), micro computed tomography (CT), and confocal microscope methods. Water retention characteristic were tested in solution with different electrolytic nature. Adsorption parameters were optimized in an aqueous medium. The adsorption performance of imprinted cryogels was studied in milk samples obtained from cow, sheep, goat, buffalo, and from human volunteers at different intervals after birth. Amount of lactose adsorbed in aqueous media and milk sample from humans were 322 (56.7%) and 179.5 (5.94%) mg lactose/g polymer, respectively. Selectivity studies revealed an approximately 8-fold increase in adsorption rate of molecularly imprinted cryogels as compared to that of nonimprinted cryogels. In addition, competitive adsorption was conducted using lactose-imprinted cryogels in aqueous media containing lactose, glucose, and galactose molecules resulting in adsorption rates of 220.56, 57.87, and 61.65 mg biomolecule/g polymer, respectively.
Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial application of silver nanoparticle embedded composite cryogels
(Elsevier, 2020) Erol, Kadir; Bolat Bülter, Melda; Tatar, Demet; Nigiz, Cengiz; Köse, Dursun Ali
Water treatment applications; they consist of processes that desalination, softening, removals of dissolved organic matter, color, particle and microorganism. In traditional treatment processes, microorganisms cause thick film layer on the membrane to be used and not enough treatment. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), known to stop bacterial growth due to their superior antibacterial properties even at low concentrations due to their contact with microorganisms, are used for water disinfection. Membrane production with a combination of AgNPs and polymers has started to attract attention in recent years due to advanced optics, conductivity and antibacterial properties. The ability of AgNP to exhibit its antibacterial effect depends on the property of this material to be homogeneously dispersed in the polymer. In this study, Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate), Poly(HEMA-GMA), cryogels were synthesized as solid support. In order to gain antibacterial properties to synthesized cryogels, AgNPs of different sizes were embedded in cryogels. These structures have been used as a kind of antibacterial filter in the purification of water obtained from natural sources used as drinking and using water in the local region. Particle Size analysis was used to determine the size of synthesized AgNPs. Swelling test, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Elemental Analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and surface area (BET) analysis were performed for characterization of cryogels. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Development of novel copper modified cryogels for biochemical isolation
(Springer, 2020) Köse, Kazım; Erol, Kadir; Köse, Dursun Ali
Cu(II) anchored polymeric cryogels are synthesized for the isolation of B12. The poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) [poly(HEMA)] is used as solid support and N-methacryloyl-l-aspartic acid, is used as a ligand. Synthesis success is proved by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, H-1 and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance, scanning electron microscope, N-2 adsorption method (Brunauer, Emmet ve Teller), elemental analysis, induction coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. In the first part of the work, the polymeric material is synthesized and characterized, and in the second part, adsorptive treatment was carried out to determine the optimum B12 adsorption conditions with this synthesized material in varying conditions. The B12 isolation from cheese is carried out to determine the performance of the polymeric material in the real environment. The antioxidant capacity of the obtained B12 is an indication that the isolation process is successfully carried out.
Effect of immobilization on the activity of catalase carried by poly(HEMA-GMA) cryogels
(Elsevier B.V., 2019) Erol, Kadir; Koncuk Cebeci, Büşra; Köse, Kazım; Köse, Dursun Ali
Hydrogen peroxide is converted by catalase to molecular oxygen and water to remove oxidative stress. In this study, catalase immobilization was performed using poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate) (poly(HEMA-GMA)) cryogels with different amounts of GMA. Catalase adsorption capacity of 298.7 ± 9.9 mg/g was achieved at the end of 9 h using the poly(HEMA-GMA)-250 cryogel. Kinetic parameters and the inhibitory effects of pesticides such as 4,4?-DDE and 4,4?-DDT on the activity of free and immobilized catalase enzyme were investigated. While the V max value of the immobilized enzyme was reduced 4-fold compared to the free enzyme, in the case of the comparison of the K M values, the affinity of the immobilized enzyme was increased by 1.94 times against the substrate. The inhibitory effect of 4,4?-DDT pesticide was found to be higher for the immobilized and free enzyme. NaCl (1 M, pH: 7.0) solution was used for desorption of the adsorbed catalase enzyme. A desorption ratio of 96.45% was achieved. The technique used in this study is promising regarding for the immobilization of catalase enzyme to increase the operational activity. Therefore, poly(HEMA-GMA) cryogels have the potential to be used for immobilization of catalase enzyme in the fields of biology and biochemistry. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
Synthesis, characterization and chromatographic applications of antimicrobial cryogels
(Hacettepe University, 2017) Erol, Kadir
Antibacterial materials, in the last years, have become an important center of attention against diseases because of pathogenic bacteria. Within the scope of this study, antimicrobial poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylateglycidyl methacrylate), poly(HEMA-GMA), cryogels were synthesized and Ag(I) ions were immobilized to the structure through the amino acid L-Arginine. For characterization of the structure; swelling test, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface area (BET), elemental analysis and ICP-OES methods were performed. The L-Arginine amino acid was used as an Ag (I) chelating ligand and the melittin protein adsorption capacity of cryogels was determined as 173.9 mg/g cryogel.
Lead removal from industrial waste
(Hitit University, 2017) Bilgin, Elif; Yüce, Murat; Köse, Kazım; Erol, Kadir; Köse, Dursun Ali
In this study, the heavy metal removal performance of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-N-methacryloyl-(L)-histidine methyl ester), poly(HEMA-MAH) cryogel, a known polymer, in HNO3 was investigated. To determine the heavy metal removal performance of cryogel, wastewater was used as obtained from an inorganic material manufacturer. The characterization studies using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, elemental analysis, waterswelling tests and surface area analysis were conducted. The effect of HNO3 on the adsorption process, especially for metals, was found very effective even in trace amounts.
Efficient polymeric material for separation of human hemoglobin
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2017) Erol, Kadir; Köse, Kazım
In this study, negatively charged acrylic acid was used as a functional ligand to synthesise net-poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-acrylic acid) microparticles for the removal of hemoglobin having a positively charged Fe2+?ion in the core, as an alternative to conventional techniques to achieve a cost effective high-capacity purification. The characterization of microparticles was performed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, the Brunauer – Emmett – Teller surface area analysis, and swelling test methods. Optimum adsorption conditions such as pH, initial hemoglobin concentration, temperature, and interaction time were studied batch wise. The highest adsorption capacity of microparticles was observed at pH 7.4 as 1276.4?mg hemoglobin/g polymer. The reusability of microparticles was also promising with ?5% decrease in the adsorption capacity at the end of the five adsorption-desorption cycles.
Polychelated cryogels: hemoglobin adsorption from human blood
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2017) Erol, Kadir
The separation and purification methods are extremely important for the hemoglobin (Hb) which is a crucial biomolecule. The adsorption technique is popular among these methods and the cryogels have been used quite much due to their macropores and interconnected flow channels. In this study, the Hb adsorption onto the Cu(II) immobilized poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate), poly(HEMA-GMA)-Cu(II), cryogels was investigated under different conditions (pH, interaction time, initial Hb concentration, temperature and ionic strength) to optimize adsorption conditions. The swelling test, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), surface area (BET), elemental and ICP-OES analysis were performed for the characterization of cryogels. Polyethyleneimine (PEI) molecule was used as a Cu(II)-chelating ligand. The Hb adsorption capacity of cryogels was determined as 193.8 mg Hb/g cryogel. The isolation of Hb from human blood was also studied under optimum adsorption conditions determined and the Hb (124.5 mg/g cryogel) was isolated. The adsorption model was investigated in the light of Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models and it was determined to be more appropriate to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Affinity purification lipase from wheat germ: comparison of hydrophobic and metal chelation effect
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2017) Köse, Kazım; Erol, Kadir; Köse, Dursun Ali; Evci, Emre; Uzun, Lokman
Cryogels are used quite a lot nowadays for adsorption studies as synthetic adsorbents. In this study, lipase enzyme (obtained from Candida cylindracea) adsorption capacity of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-N-methacryloyl-L-tryptophan), poly(HEMA-MATrp), and Cu(II) ions immobilized poly(HEMA-MATrp), poly(HEMA-MATrp)-Cu(II), cryogel membranes were synthesized to determine and compare the adsorption behavior of lipase enzyme. In this regard, the effect of pH, interaction time, lipase initial concentration, temperature and ionic strength on the adsorption capacity of these membranes was investigated. Maximum lipase enzyme adsorption capacities of poly(HEMA-MATrp) and poly(HEMA-MATrp)-Cu(II) cryogel membranes were determined as 166.4 mg/g and 196.4 mg/g, respectively. © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Nicotinamide-modified poly(HEMA-GMA)-Nic cryogels for removal of pesticides
(Turkish Chemical Society, 2018) Köse, Kazım; Arslan Akveran, Gönül; Erol, Kadir; Köse, Dursun Ali
Chlordane is only one of the persistent pesticides used in some countries despite the ban. Removal of chlordane, a severe threat to all living things, was performed using nicotinamide-modified poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate), poly(HEMA-GMA)-Nic, polymeric cryogels in this study. Poly(HEMA-GMA) polymeric cryogels were synthesized based on previously reported literature procedures and were subsequently modified by nicotinamide moieties. Removal of chlordane in alcoholic medium has been accomplished exploiting the alcoho-phobic interaction, which was the first indication in our previous study. Structural analysis of poly(HEMA-GMA)-Nic was performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and elemental analysis methods. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to understand the surface morphology of cryogels. Surface area and cavity volume calculations were determined by applying N 2 adsorption method and swelling test. The interaction time and maximum adsorption capacity were identified as 5 minutes and 64.61 mg chlordane/g cryogel for 300 mg/L chlordane concentration and 108.818 mg chlordane/g cryogel for 800 mg/L chlordane concentration during the adsorption experiments. Cyclohexane, toluene, chloroform, dichloromethane, acetone, and acetonitrile were used as solvents to observe the solvent effect on adsorption of chlordane onto the polymeric material. As expected, the removal of chlordane was performed with the highest adsorption performance in cyclohexane with the lowest dielectric constant. © 2018, Turkish Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
Adsorption of Victoria Blue R (VBR) dye on magnetic microparticles containing Fe(II)–Co(II) double salt
(Taylor and Francis Inc., 2016) Erol, Kadir; Köse, Kazım; Köse, Dursun Ali; Sızır, Ümit; Tosun Satır, İlknur; Uzun, Lokman
Magnetic microparticles have many applications in various areas today. The aim of this study was to develop hydrophobic magnetic microparticles as an alternative to traditional methods for high capacity and low cost removal of Victoria Blue R (VBR), which is valuable for industry and commercial, from wastewater and to determine the VBR adsorption ability of this adsorbent. Fe(II)–Co(II) double salt incorporated magnetic poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-N-methacryloyl-l-tryptophan) [m-poly(HEMA-MATrp)] microparticles were synthesized and used as adsorbent. These microparticles were synthesized in aqueous dispersion medium via microemulsion polymerization using MATrp and HEMA monomers. Magnetic hydrophobic microparticles were characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer. Adsorption experiments were conducted for different conditions (pH, interaction time, amount of microparticles, temperature, and ionic strength) in batch system. VBR adsorption capacity of magnetic hydrophobic microparticles was estimated as 89.46 ?mol/g. Adsorption–desorption cycles were repeated 4 times, and there was no significant decrease for the adsorption capacity observed. © 2015 Balaban Desalination Publications. All rights reserved.
Synthesis and characterization of Ag+-decorated poly(glycidyl methacrylate) microparticle design for the adsorption of nucleic acids
(Elsevier B.V., 2018) Erol, Kadir; Uzunoğlu, Aytekin; Köse, Kazım; Sarıca, Büşra; Avcı, Emre; Köse, Dursun Ali
In this study, we report on the adsorption of RNA and DNA molecules by exploiting the high binding affinity of these nucleic acids to Ag+ ions anchored on magnetic poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) microparticles. PGMA microparticles were synthesized and modified with nicotinamide which enabled to anchor Ag+ ions on the surface. The successful preparation of PGMA was confirmed by the presence of characteristic FTIR peaks. The ESR results showed that the incorporation of Fe–Ni salt to the polymeric structure provided a magnetic property to the microparticles. The amount of nicotinamide and Ag+ ions used to modify the surface of the particles were found to be 1.79 wt% and 52.6 mg Ag/g microparticle, respectively. The high affinity of nucleic acids to Ag+ ions were exploited for the adsorption studies. At the optimum working conditions, the adsorption capacity of microparticles was found to be 40.1 and 11.48 mg nucleic acid/g microparticle for RNA and DNA, respectively. Our study indicated that the use of novel Ag+-decorated magnetic PGMA particles can be successfully employed as adsorbents for fast, easy, and cost-friendly adsorption of nucleic acids with high purity as well as high in quantity. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
Two-step polymerization approach for synthesis of macroporous surface ion-imprinted cryogels
(Taylor and Francis Inc., 2017) Erol, Kadir; Uzun, Lokman
Today, the surface imprinted polymers emerge in various fields as synthetic adsorbents gaining attention in a variety of application areas. In this study, Cu(II) ion surface imprinted poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate), poly(HEMA-GMA), cryogels were synthesized via modified two-step polymerization which is different from given in literature and the adsorption of Cu(II) ion from aqueous solution was investigated batch wise. In this respect, the method applied in this study is new in the literature despite heavy metal removal studies reported. The polyethyleneimine (PEI) molecule was used in polymeric structure as a ligand. The poly(HEMA-GMA) cryogels prepared was characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the micro-computed tomography (?CT). © 2017 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
DNA adsorption via Co(II) immobilized cryogels
(Taylor and Francis Inc., 2016) Erol, Kadir
The separation and purification of important biomolecule deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules are extremely important. The adsorption technique among these methods is highly preferred as the adsorbent cryogels are pretty much used due to large pores and the associated flow channels. In this study, the adsorption of DNA via Co(II) immobilized poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate) [poly(HEMA-GMA)] cryogels was performed under varying conditions of pH, interaction time, initial DNA concentration, temperature, and ionic strength. For the characterization of cryogels; swelling test, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface area (BET), elemental and ICP-OES analysis were performed. L-lysine amino acid was chosen as Co(II)-chelating agent and the adsorption capacity of cryogels was determined as 33.81 mg DNA/g cryogel. Adsorption of pea DNA was studied under the optimum adsorption conditions and DNA adsorption capacity of cryogels was found as 10.14 mg DNA/g cryogel. The adsorption process was examined via Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and the Langmuir adsorption model was determined to be more appropriate for the DNA adsorption onto cryogels. © 2016 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Poly(HEMA-co-AA) microparticles for removal of aluminum: The reason for Alzheimer's
(Taylor and Francis Inc., 2017) Yüce, Murat; Bilgin, Elif; Köse, Kazım; Erol, Kadir; Köse, Dursun Ali
Aluminum is one of the most toxic metals causing a variety of neurologic diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease. It is impossible to avoid contact with aluminum because of its existence in food to medications. Therefore, removal of aluminum from the blood or wastewater is urgently important. The cost-effective and easy-to-prepare adsorbents are needed to get efficient aluminum removal. For that purpose, the poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate-co-acrylic acid), poly(HEMA-co-AA), microparticles was synthesized to remove aluminum in a very short interaction time. The achievement of the desired polymeric structure was confirmed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), etc. Additionally, particle features such as swelling ratio, size, and surface area were determined. The microparticles synthesized in this study have been determined with very good adsorption capacity even in small aluminum concentrations.
Electrostatic adsorption of asymmetric dimethyl arginine (adma) on poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-acrylic acid) nanoparticles
(Taylor and Francis Inc., 2017) Erol, Kadir; Köse, Kazım; Avcı, Emre; Köse, Dursun Ali
Separation and purification of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) molecule, which is an important biomolecule in terms of cardiovascular diseases, is of great importance. Among the methods, the adsorption technique is of considerable demand, and as an adsorbent, the nanoparticles are widely used. In this study, an ADMA isolation was performed via a novel method. Therefore, ADMA adsorption was achieved using a poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-acrylic acid) (poly(HEMA-AA)) nanoparticles. The change in the adsorption capacity was investigated in terms of changing interaction time, initial ADMA concentration, stirring rate, temperature and ionic strength. The functional group on the polymeric nanoparticles was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR); the surface morphology was determined via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transient electron microscopy (TEM) and surface area (BET) analyzes. The Elisa Spectrophotometer was used for the quantitative analysis of the ADMA molecule. The adsorption capacity of the nanoparticles was determined as 23.76 mg/g. The adsorption process was characterized according to the isotherm calculation. © 2017 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Use of nicotinamide decorated polymeric cryogels as heavy metal sweeper
(Springer Verlag, 2018) Bilgin, Elif; Erol, Kadir; Köse, Kazım; Köse, Dursun Ali
Cryogels are synthetic polymers used in adsorption experiments in recent years. Because of their macropores, they provide an excellent advantage as an adsorbent in continuous and batch adsorption processes. In this study, nicotinamide (NAA) decorated poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate), poly(HEMA-GMA), cryogels were synthesized. Heavy metal adsorption was carried out in wastewater obtained from six different sources in Çorum, Turkey. This study has a novelty regarding the application, i.e., it is the first time to use a polymeric adsorbent for the removal of 15 different heavy metal at the same time without any competition (despite the fact that there is a competition between the metals, the only thing is the removal regarding the purpose the study) as a heavy metal sweeper. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) was used for the determination of the initial amount of heavy metal in the wastewater samples. Adsorption studies were performed using poly(HEMA-GMA) and NAA-decorated poly(HEMA-GMA) cryogel to see the effect of NAA decoration. Higher adsorption capacity was achieved using NAA decorated poly(HEMA-GMA) cryogel. The total heavy metal amount adsorbed from six different sources was about 686 and 387 mg for poly(HEMA-GMA)-NAA and poly(HEMA-GMA) cryogels, respectively. The highest heavy metal adsorption value was obtained in the wastewater from source 2, and Zn (II) was the heavy metal adsorbed most for both cryogel. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal, surface area, elemental, and computerized microtomography (?CT) analyses were used for the characterization of cryogels.
Polyethyleneimine assisted-two-step polymerization to develop surface imprinted cryogels for lysozyme purification
(Elsevier B.V., 2016) Erol, Kadir; Köse, Kazım; Uzun, Lokman; Say, Rıdvan; Denizli, Adil
Surface imprinting strategy is one of the promising approaches to synthesize plastic antibodies while overcoming the problems in the protein imprinting research. In this study, we focused our attentions on developing two-step polymerization to imprint on the bare surface employing polyethyleneimine (PEI) assisted-coordination of template molecules, lysozyme. For this aim, we firstly synthesized poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate), poly(HEMA-GMA) cryogels as a bare structure. Then, we immobilized PEI onto the cryogels through the addition reaction between GMA and PEI molecules. After that, we determined the amount of free amine (NH2) groups of PEI molecules, subsequently immobilized methacrylate functionalities onto the half of them and another half was used to chelate Cu(II) ions as a mediator between template, lysozyme and PEI groups. After the characterization of the materials developed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the micro-computed tomography (?CT), we optimized the lysozyme adsorption conditions from aqueous solution. Before performing lysozyme purification from chicken egg white, we evaluated the effects of pH, interaction time, the initial lysozyme concentration, temperature and ionic strength on the lysozyme adsorption. Moreover, the selectivity of surface imprinted cryogels was examined against cytochrome c and bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the competitors. Finally, the mathematical modeling, which was applied to describe the adsorption process, showed that the experimental data is very well-fitted to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.
PolyAdenine cryogels for fast and effective RNA purification
(Elsevier B.V., 2016) Köse, Kazım; Erol, Kadir; Özgür, Erdoğan; Uzun, Lokman; Denizli, Adil
Cryogels are used effectively for many diverse applications in a variety of fields. The isolation or purification of RNA, one of the potential utilizations for cryogels, is crucial due to their vital roles such as encoding, decoding, transcription and translation, and gene expression. RNA principally exists within every living thing, but their tendency to denaturation easily is still the most challenging issue. Herein, we aimed to develop adenine incorporated polymeric cryogels as an alternative sorbent for cost-friendly and fast RNA purification with high capacity. For this goal, we synthesized the polymerizable derivative of adenine called as adenine methacrylate (AdeM) through the substitution reaction between adenine and methacryloyl chloride. Then, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-based cryogels were prepared in a partially frozen aqueous medium by copolymerization of monomers, AdeM, and HEMA. The cryogels were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface area measurements, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and swelling tests. RNA adsorption experiments were performed via batch system while varying different conditions including pH, initial RNA concentration, temperature, and interaction time. We achieved high RNA adsorption capacity of cryogels, with the swelling ratio around 510%, as 11.86 mg/g. The cryogels might be reused at least five times without significant decrease in adsorption capacity. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.

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